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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > “薄浅湿晒”灌溉稻田土壤微生物量碳、氮和酶活性研究 植物营养与肥料学报 2013,19 (6) 1403-1410
Position: Home > Articles > Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities in paddy soil under “thin-shallow-wet-dry”irrigation method Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers 2013,19 (6) 1403-1410

“薄浅湿晒”灌溉稻田土壤微生物量碳、氮和酶活性研究

作  者：
梁燕菲;张潇潇;李伏生
单  位：
广西大学农学院
关键词：
灌溉方式;微生物量碳、氮;土壤酶活性;硝化细菌;水稻土
摘  要：
通过盆栽试验,研究了不同氮肥水平下"薄、浅、湿、晒"灌溉对水稻拔节期、孕穗期和乳熟期土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、微生物量氮(MBN)、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量和酶活性的影响,以探讨该灌溉方式下土壤微生物活性变化规律。试验设2种灌水方式,即常规灌溉(CIR)和"薄、浅、湿、晒"灌溉(TIR);3种氮肥水平,即低氮(N0.10 g/kg)、中氮(N 0.15 g/kg)和高氮(N 0.2 g/kg)。结果表明,与CIR处理相比,TIR处理土壤MBC增加13%240%,而土壤MBN减少6.5%47.3%;高氮水平时3个时期TIR处理土壤硝化细菌有所增加,反硝化细菌拔节期和孕穗期降低12.1%61.2%,而乳熟期增加0.7 3.0倍;中、低氮水平时孕穗期TIR处理土壤硝酸还原酶活性分别降低63.8%和43.3%。与低氮水平相比,中氮水平可以增加土壤MBC、MBN、硝化细菌和反硝化细菌数量以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶和转化酶活性,而高氮水平则降低土壤MBN,以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性。可见,中等氮肥水平下"薄、浅、湿、晒"灌溉方式能有效提高稻田土壤微生物量碳和过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶活性。
译  名：
Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and enzyme activities in paddy soil under “thin-shallow-wet-dry”irrigation method
作  者：
LIANG Yan-fei;ZHANG Xiao-xiao;LI Fu-sheng;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University;
关键词：
Irrigation method;;microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen;;soil enzyme activity;;nitrification bacteria;;paddy soil
摘  要：
A pot experiment was carried out to study effects of the "thin-shallow-wet-dry"irrigation method on microbial biomass carbon(MBC),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),the numbers of nitrification bacteria and denitrification bacteria and enzyme activities in soils at the jointing,booting and milky stages of rice under different nitrogen(N) levels,and to explore variation of soil microbe activities under the irrigation method. There were two irrigation methods,conventional irrigation(CIR) and "thin-shallow-wet-dry"irrigation(TIR),and three N levels,low N(0. 10 g / kg soil),middle N(0. 15 g / kg soil) and high N(0. 2 g / kg soil). Compared to the CIR treatments,the TIR treatments increase soil MBC by 13%-240%,and decrease soil MBN by 6. 5%-47. 3%. At the high N level,the TIR treatment increases the number of soil nitrification bacteria at three growth stages slightly,and increases the number of soil denitrification bacteria by 0. 7 to 3 times at the milky stage and decreases the number of soil denitrification bacteria by 12. 1% to 61. 2% at the jointing and booting stages. At the low and middle N levels,the TIR treatments reduce the activity of soil nitrate reductase by 63. 8% and 43. 3% at the booting stage. Under the same irrigation method,compared to the low N level,the middle N level increases soil MBC and MBN,the numbers of nitrification bacteria and denitrification bacteria,and the activities of catalase,urease and invertase,while the high N level reduces soil MBN and the activities of catalase,urease and nitrate reductase. Thus TIR can effectively improve microbial biomass carbon and the activities of catalase,urease and invertase under the middle N level.

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