作 者：
崔毅;辛福言;马绍赛;宋云利;陈碧鹃;陈聚法
摘 要：
根据2003年对乳山湾东湾表层沉积物中重金属调查结果,对重金属含量分布及富集特征进行分析,并采用瑞典科学家Hakanson提出的潜在生态危害指数法对其生态危害程度进行评价。结果表明,乳山湾沉积物中的重金属含量,除5月的Hg、As平均含量略低于8月外,其他重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd)平均含量5月高于8月。在表层沉积物中Cd的富集程度最大,除5月1号测站外,污染指数超过1 0。水平分布除Cd为湾口处含量较低外,其他重金属基本呈湾口和湾底含量较高的分布趋势。单个重金属潜在危害系数表明,Cd的Eir值大于其他重金属的Eir值,其他重金属的Eir值均小于Hakanson所提出的沉积物重金属生态危害程度的轻微危害程度的划分标准,表明重金属对乳山湾生态环境具有潜在影响的元素主要是Cd,污染程度由高到低依次为Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cu、Zn。与历史同期调查相比,表层沉积物中Cd含量升高幅度最大。从多个重金属的潜在生态危害指数看,两次RI调查均值小于150,属于轻微的生态危害。
译 名：
Pollution of heavy metals in sediments and its evaluation of potential ecological harm in Rushan Bay,Shandong Peninsula
作 者：
CUI Yi,XIN Fu-yan,MA Shao-sai,SONG Yun-li,CHEN Bi-juan, CHEN Ju-fa (Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)
关键词：
heavy metal;sediments;ecological assessment;Rushan Bay
摘 要：
Rushan Bay is located in south to Shandong Peninsula,which is divided into east section and west section.With a wide beach land,gentle slopes and fertile water and sedments,the shellfish resource is rich in Rushan Bay,which is one of the main shellfish culture base in the northern China.However,the water and sediment environment of Rushan Bay has been polluted due to the continuous development of industry,agriculture and aquaculture in recent years.For example,the amount of industry sewage drained into this bay through Rushan River was 2 018×10~4 m~3/a in 1980s',accounting for 19.8% of the total drainage amount of Yantai area; the main pollutants were organic matters,oil,volatile hydroxybenzene ,cyanide,sulfide and heavy metals.The death of shellfish culturing at beach occurred in varying degrees every year.So,it is necessary to protect the ecological environment of Rushan Bay.The investigation was conducted in 2003 .The samples of surface sediments were obtained with sediment sampler,stored and analyzed in advance with the specification for marine monitoring Part 5-sediment analysis (GB17378.5-1998).The contents of copper,zinc,lead and cadmium in sediments were determined by the method of flame atomic absorption spectrometry,mercury by the cold atomic absorption spectrophotometry and arsenic by the method of silver diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometry.The results showed that the average contents of copper,zinc,lead and cadmium in May were larger than that in August except mercury and arsenic.The enrichment degree of cadmium was the largest in surface sediments; the pollution index was more than 1.0 in most stations except that in station No.1 which was less than 1.0 in May.The horizontal distribution trend of copper,zinc,lead,mercury and arsenic in surface sediments were higher in mouth and bottom parts than other parts of the Bay,while that of cadmium was lower in the mouth than in the other parts.The potential ecological risk factor(E~ir)for single heavy metal showed that E~ir of cadmium was much larger than those of other heavy metals which were much lower than the standard of slight ecological harm plotted by Hakanson.This indicated that the potential effect factor for ecological environment in this region was cadmium.The order of pollution degree of these heavy metals in surface sediments follows Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn.Compared with the historical survey data,the increasing degree of cadmium content in surface sediments was the highest among the investigated metals.The assessment of potential ecological harm index reveals that in most stations RI is lower than 150 ,which implies those station-located water areas have slight ecological harm potentiality,except stations No.3 and No.7 in May where belongs to middle potential ecological harm with RI of 150≤RI<300.
