关键词：
冬小麦/夏玉米;氮素累积;氮淋失;非点源污染
摘 要：
深入研究土壤中氮素的残留和移动有助于明确、解释或监测农田氮素淋失的过程。以土壤无机氮测试为主要手段,通过设置不同的田间试验处理,分析农民传统施肥下冬小麦/夏玉米轮作条件下氮素的累积迁移特征。结果表明,农民习惯施肥处理冬小麦/夏玉米轮作地土壤中残留的氮素以硝态氮为主,小麦生长季土壤硝态氮积累量在90.13～426.97kg/hm2,玉米季为67.96～204.32kg/hm2,存在潜在淋失的风险。除因作物不同生育期吸收不同外,N肥施用量、灌溉量等都是决定其季节动态变化的主要因素。进一步研究需寻求合理的水肥管理模式,以提高氮肥利用率,减少氮素流失造成的非点源污染。
译 名：
Research on the Soil Nitrogen Accumulation Characteristics under Traditional Fertilization in Crop Fields
作 者：
Li Hu,Wang Ligang,Qiu Jianjun(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)
关键词：
winter wheat/summer maize rotation;N accumulation;N leaching;non-point source pollution
摘 要：
The research on the soil nitrogen(N) accumulation and transfer can be useful for understanding,explaining,or monitoring the process of nitrate leaching.Using soil inorganic N testing in different field treatments as main research method,this paper analyzed the soil N accumulation and transferring characteristics under the peasants' traditional fertilization in winter wheat/summer maize rotation fields.Results showed that NO 3-N was the dominant N style remained in the winter wheat/summer maize rotation field.The soil NO 3-N accumulation for conventional treatment ranged from 90.13 kg/hm 2 to 426.97 kg/hm 2 during the winter wheat growth period,and from 67.96 kg/hm 2 to 204.32 kg/hm 2 during summer maize growth period,respectively.The NO 3-N accumulated in the soil which couldn't be consumed by crop may be at potential risk of N leaching.Moreover,the paper indicated that besides of the crop consumption,the amount of N application and irrigation were all the main factors affecting the seasonal dynamic variation of soil N accumulation.Further research need to seek rational fertilization managements for improving N efficiency,reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution caused by N leaching loss.
