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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 长期水稻-大麦轮作体系土壤供氮能力与作物需氮量研究 植物营养与肥料学报 2011,17 (1) 79-87
Position: Home > Articles > Study on soil nitrogen supplying capacity and nitrogen requirements for crop under long-term rice-barley cropping system Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers 2011,17 (1) 79-87

长期水稻-大麦轮作体系土壤供氮能力与作物需氮量研究

作  者：
唐旭;吴春艳;杨生茂;陈义;马义兵
单  位：
浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所
关键词：
长期试验;稻麦轮作;产量;氮素供应力;氮素内部利用率
摘  要：
通过18年稻麦轮作,7个施肥处理,研究了水稻-大麦轮作系统中土壤生产力、氮素自然供应能力、作物氮素内部利用率及氮肥表观利用率。结果表明,在水旱轮作下,土壤对大麦产量的地力贡献率平均为69%,水稻为75%~81%;肥料的增产贡献率分别为31%和19%~25%,可维持每年生产大麦2.3 t/hm2、稻谷6~7 t/hm2。土壤氮素自然供给力在大麦上平均为75.9%,比水稻的低3.3%~7.2%。在一年三熟水旱轮作制中,土壤和环境年供氮118~299 kg/hm2;在一年二熟轮作制中为86~199 kg/hm2。施氮肥条件下,大麦的氮素内部利用率为31.0~56.3 kg/kg;水稻在23.6~50.2 kg/kg之间变动;大麦的氮肥利用率变幅在27.5%~41.2%,水稻为14.6%~41.2%。在稻麦轮作系统中,如果想获得作物产量12 t/hm2(4 t大麦和8 t单季稻),需要每年施氮肥N 226~337kg/hm2。为获得更高的作物产量,在氮肥推荐时不但要考虑作物的目标产量,作物对氮素的需要量,还要充分考虑土壤和环境氮素供应能力。
译  名：
Study on soil nitrogen supplying capacity and nitrogen requirements for crop under long-term rice-barley cropping system
作  者：
TANG Xu1,WU Chun-yan1,YANG Sheng-mao1,CHEN Yi1,MA Yi-bing2(1 Institute of Environment,Resource,Soil and Fertilizer,ZAAS,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China;2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,CAAS,Beijing 100081)
关键词：
long-term experiment;rice-barley rotation;yield;nitrogen supplying capacity
摘  要：
Long-term(over 18 years) rice-barley crop rotation experiment with seven fertilization treatments was conducted to investigate soil natural productivity,indigenous nitrogen(N) supplying capacity,internal N use efficiency and apparent recovery efficiency of N applied.The long-term experimental results indicated the contribution of the soil natural productivity was 68.9% for barley yields and 75%-81% for rice.The contribution of chemical fertilizers increases barley yield by 31% and by 19%-25% for rice.The natural productivity of paddy soil could annual maintain 2.3 t/ha barley and 6-7 t/ha rice grain yields.The soil indigenous N supplying capacity to barley was 75.9%,which was lower 3.3%-7.2% than rice.The amount of soil and environment indigenous N supplying was 118-299 kg/ha for barley-early rice-late rice rotation cropping system and 86-199 kg/ha for barley-rice rotation system.The internal N use efficiency in soils received N fertilizer was 31.0-56.3 kg/kg for barley and 23.6-50.2 kg/kg for rice.The recovery efficiency of N applied were 27.5%-41.2% and 14.6%-41.2% for barley and rice,respectively.To produce 12 t/hm2 grains,crops require N 226-337 kg/ha under the rice-barley rotation systems.Our study suggests that in order to achieve higher crop yields,yield targets,soil and environment indigenous N supplying capacity and crop N requirement should be considered when making N fertilizer recommendations and developing strategies for intensively managed rice-barley cropping systems.

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