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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 黄淮海平原化肥用量的时间序列分析及其对农业发展的正负效应 农业环境科学学报 2002,21 (06) 37-39+44
Position: Home > Articles > Time Series Analysis of Applied Fertilizer and Its Positive and Negative Effects on AgriculturalDevelopment in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain Journal of Agro-Environment Science 2002,21 (06) 37-39+44

黄淮海平原化肥用量的时间序列分析及其对农业发展的正负效应

作  者：
吴凯;谢贤群
单  位：
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
关键词：
黄淮海平原;化肥;时间序列;效应
摘  要：
根据黄淮海平原区顷均化肥量的逐年增加趋势,采用龚帕兹生长曲线,对其进行了模拟分析。指出虽然化肥对粮食产量的贡献率在40%以上,但其超量施用对农业发展亦有不少负面影响,诸如食品中硝酸盐含量增加、影响植株生长、污染耕地、土壤硝态氮含量增加、pH值下降、污染地下水等。为此,提出了防止过量施肥污染的对策,包括强化环境保护意识、严格监测化肥中污染物质的含量、推广定量化施肥技术、在施肥时配合实施其他农业措施等。
译  名：
Time Series Analysis of Applied Fertilizer and Its Positive and Negative Effects on AgriculturalDevelopment in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain
作  者：
WU Kai, XIE Xian qun(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101,China)
关键词：
the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain; chemical fertilizer; time series; effect
摘  要：
Total applied chemical fertilizer (in pure) was 9.146×106 T and per hectare was 509 kg during 1994—1998 in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. The over-use rate of fertilizer was at least 33.9 %, if the rational dose per hectare is 380 kg·hm-2 in the area. Applying chemical fertilizer per hectare has the increasing tendency year by year, which can be simulated by a special growth curve. There are negative effects of over-use of chemical fertilizer on agricultural development including increasing nitrate content in foods, affecting plant growth, polluting farmland, increasing -N content in soil, decreasing pH and polluting groundwater and so on, although the contribution rate of chemical fertilizer to grain yield is over 40%. For this reason, the countermeasures for avoiding the pollution by over-use of chemical fertilizer were presented in the paper, which include strengthening the consiousness of environmental protection, rigorously monitoring the pollutants contents in chemical fertilizer, spreading ration applying fertilizer techniques, coordinately implementing the other agricultural measures in applying chemical fertilizer and so forth.

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