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Position: Home > Articles > SUPPRESSIVE SOILS OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE IN CHINA Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 2000,30 (4) 353-356+363

连作土壤中大豆胞囊线虫种群数量减少的原因探讨

作  者：
孙漫红;刘杏忠
单  位：
中国农科院生物防治研究所
关键词：
连作;大豆胞囊线虫病;种群数量;抑制性土壤
摘  要：
通过对双河、宝泉岭和白城 3个大豆胞囊线虫病抑制性土壤样品土质、定殖于大豆胞囊线虫上真菌以及土壤特性 (土壤抑制性、传导性、杀真菌剂处理 )的研究 ,表明多年连作会引起大豆胞囊线虫种群数量的减少。在此类土壤中胞囊数量一般小于 10 0个 / 10 0 g土 ,且空胞囊率达 80 %以上。胞囊上真菌分离频率高 ,种类较单纯 ,其中宝泉岭土样中定殖真菌有明显的优势种—淡紫拟青霉( Paecilomyces lilacinus)。大豆胞囊线虫衰退土壤中具有抑制因子 ,经物理灭菌和杀真菌剂多菌灵处理后 ,原有抑制特性丧失 ,3个土样大豆根部胞囊数量分别增加 140 .0 %、165.5%、68.2 %和 141.9%、2 15.2 %、139.3%。大豆胞囊线虫抑制性土壤具有传导特性 ,当抑制土与无菌土按 1∶ 9混合后胞囊数量较灭菌土分别减少 70 .0 %、2 6.5%和 51.8%。本文证明了连作土壤中引起大豆胞囊线虫种群数量减少的主要原因是生物因子 ,并初步确定为食线虫真菌的作用 ,同时证明土壤状况与大豆胞囊线虫的衰退也有一定关系。
译  名：
SUPPRESSIVE SOILS OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE IN CHINA
作  者：
SUN Man hong, LIU Xing zhong (Institute of Biological Control, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)
关键词：
continues cropping; Soybean cyst nematode;population density; suppressive so
摘  要：
The suppressiveness of multiplication of soybean cyst nematode has been observed in some localities of China under a soybean monocultural cropping system more than 5 years. It was found that cysts density of Heterodera glycines in suppressive soils was low, and the proportion of empty cysts was higher (over 80%) than non suppressive soils (ca. 40%). Fungi associated with cysts of H. glycines were less taxa with somewhat high frequency. Paecilomyces lilacinus was the most prominent fungus in the Baoquanling soil. Characteristics of three nematode suppressive soils from Shuanghe (SH), Baoquanling (BQL) and Baicheng(BC) were studied. The number of cysts in three soil samples increased by 140.0%, 165.5% and 68.2%, respectively when the soils were autoclaved, while increased by 141.9%, 215.2% and 139.3% when treated with 75% carbendazin at 135 g/m 2. The transferation of suppression was also tested and the cysts reduced by 70.0%, 26.5% and 51.8% as compared with sterile soils when mixing suppressive soils with conductive soils at the rate of 1∶9. The present results, suggest that the nematophagousfungi are responsible to the decline of SCN which is resemble to that of cereal cyst nematode.

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