作 者：
张铁;董祥;尹素珍;杨学军;严荷荣;巩琼
单 位：
现代农装科技股份有限公司;中国农业机械化科学研究院;北京华夏山川生态环境科技有限公司
摘 要：
针对大豆作物生长中后期施药难、施药效果差的问题,设计了一种轮距1 600~1 750 mm可调、地隙800 mm、轴距2 000 mm、喷幅8 000 mm、具有风幕辅助喷雾系统的轻便型高地隙喷杆喷雾机,并进行了田间施药试验。试验结果表明:在作业速度4 km/h时,通过提高喷雾压力可使大豆冠层叶片正面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高19.0个百分点,中层提高17.0个百分点,下层增加不到5个百分点;叶片背面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高5.5个百分点,中层提高2.3个百分点,下层增加不足1.0个百分点。通过更换喷嘴而提高雾滴的喷施量可以使大豆冠层叶片正面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高21.0个百分点、中层提高26.0个百分点,下层提高10.0个百分点;叶片背面的雾滴覆盖率在上层提高5.0个百分点,中层提高1.0个百分点,下层无显著影响。当风幕出口风速为11.5 m/s时,风幕系统能够使大豆冠层中部叶片正面雾滴覆盖率提高26.8个百分点,下部提高22.0个百分点,对大豆冠层上部叶片背面雾滴覆盖率提高23.1个百分点,中部提高18.1个百分点,下部提高8.4个百分点;风幕式施药技术能够有效提高雾滴在大豆冠层中的穿透性和分布均匀性,增加雾滴在植株各冠层叶片背面的附着率,但雾滴的地面流失率相对不使用风幕有所增加。
译 名：
Spraying Performance of Lightweight High Clearance Boom Sprayer in Soybean Field
作 者：
Zhang Tie;Dong Xiang;Yin Suzhen;Yang Xuejun;Yan Herong;Gong Qiong;Modern Agricultural Equipment Co.,Ltd.;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences;Beijing Huaxia Shanchuan Ecological Environment Science & Technology Co.,Ltd.;
关键词：
boom sprayer;;high clearance;;soybean;;field test
摘 要：
Lightweight high clearance boom sprayer with air-assisted system was designed to develop efficient pesticide application technologies for soybean at middle and later growing stages. The sprayer wheel tread can be adjusted from 1 600 mm to 1 750 mm,ground clearance was 800 mm,wheel base was2 000 mm,spray span was 8 000 mm. Various soybean field experiments were conducted to measure the performance of air-assisted spraying system on lightweight high clearance boom sprayer. The experiment results showed that when the operating speed was 4 km / h,droplet coverage rate of the positive soybean leaves surface was increased by 19. 0 percentage points in upper canopy and 17. 0 percentage points in middle canopy,while that in lower canopy was increased by less than 5. 0 percentage points through improving the spray pressure. Droplet coverage rate of back soybean leaves surface was increased by 5. 5percentage points in upper canopy and 2. 3 percentage points in middle canopy,and that in lower canopy was increased by less than 1. 0 percentage points. Droplet coverage rate by using ST110-05 nozzle wasimproved by 21. 0 percentage points,26. 0 percentage points and 10. 0 percentage points compared with that by using ST110-03 nozzle on the positive soybean leaves surface in upper,middle and lower canopies,respectively. Droplet coverage rate by using ST110-05 nozzle was increased by 5. 0 percentage points and 1. 0 percentage points in comparison with that by using ST110-03 nozzle on the back soybean leaves surface in upper and middle canopies,respectively,and no significant influence on lower canopy.When the air speed of curtain was 11. 5 m / s,the air-assisted system could make the droplet coverage rate of positive soybean leaves surface increase by 26. 8 percentage points and 22. 0 percentage points in middle and lower canopies,respectively. The droplet coverage rate of back soybean leaves surface was increased by 23. 1 percentage points,18. 1 percentage points and 8. 4 percentage points in upper,middle and lower canopies,respectively. The assisted air flow had strong penetrability which was shown in the droplet coverage rate on positive and back leaves surfaces,and improved the distribution uniformity in soybean canopies. However,the droplet loss rate on the ground was increased.
