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Position: Home > Articles > Toxic Effects of Three Pesticides on Folsomia candida(Collembola) in Soil Agrochemicals 2014,53 (1) 37-40

3种农药对土壤中白符跳的毒性效应

作  者：
严海娟;郭晓瑜;刘敏;丁悦;刘贤进
单  位：
农业部农产品质量安全控制技术与标准重点实验室;江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室—省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地
关键词：
农药;白符跳;繁殖率;体长;总胆碱酯酶;过氧化氢酶
摘  要：
[目的]在实验室内进行3种农药—毒死蜱、乐果和吡虫啉对白符跳的毒性试验。[方法]试验体系选择拌药的人工土壤,测定跳虫成虫存活率、繁殖率;在亚致死剂量下暴露28 d,测量成虫的体长,并进行总胆碱酯酶(TCHE)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的测定。[结果]白符跳对乐果最为敏感,半致死浓度(LC50)为0.364 mg a.i./kg,繁殖率半数抑制浓度(EC50-repro)为0.277 mg a.i./kg。亚致死剂量暴露后,所有试验组体长均小于对照组,其中毒死蜱浓度0.200 mg a.i./kg、乐果0.013 mg a.i./kg、吡虫啉0.063 mg a.i./kg及以上时,成虫体长极显著小于对照组(P<0.01)。3种农药对跳虫体内的总胆碱酯酶和过氧化氢酶产生了不同程度的抑制作用,其中毒死蜱高浓度组的总胆碱酯酶活性比对照组下降了56.4%,乐果高浓度组的过氧化氢酶活性比对照组下降了45.3%(P<0.01)。[结论]结果表明体长以及体内代谢和抗氧化酶是比繁殖率略敏感的因素,这几种亚致死水平试验互相参照和结合,可用于更全面地评估土壤中农药污染的水平。
译  名：
Toxic Effects of Three Pesticides on Folsomia candida(Collembola) in Soil
作  者：
YAN Hai-juan;GUO Xiao-yu;LIU Min;DING Yue;LIU Xian-jin;Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base,Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality,Ministry of Agricultrue;
关键词：
pesticide;;Folsomia candida;;reproduction rate;;body length;;total cholinesterase;;catalase
摘  要：
[Aims]The sensitivity of Folsomia candida Willem(Collembola: Isotomidae) to three commonly used pesticides-chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, and imidacloprid were evalutated. [Methods] Survival, reproduction of F. candida were determined after an exposure test in artifi cial soil amended with pesticides. Under exposure to low dose pesticides for 28 d, body length, total cholinesterase(TCHE) and catalase(CAT) were measured. [Results][Results] F. candida was most sensitive to dimethoate, with an LC 50 of 0.364 mg a.i./kg and an EC 50-repro of 0.277 mg a.i./kg. Adult body length growth rate decreased for all pesticides treatments compared to the control, especially above concentrations of chlorpyrifos 0.200, dimethoate 0.013 and imidacloprid 0.063 mg a.i./kg(P<0.01). TCHE activity of the highest concentration of chlorpyrifos group was decreased by 56.4%, CAT activity of the highest concentration of dimethoate group was decreased by 45.3%(P<0.01), suggesting that pesticides affect metabolism of enzymes and result in slower body growth in F. candida. [Conclusions][Conclusions] Growth, TCHE and CAT activities are slightly more sensitive parameters than reproduction. These parameters are complementary in sublethal test, and can be used for a better ecotoxicological evaluation of pesticides contaminant levels in soil.

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