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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 丛枝菌根真菌与小麦孢囊线虫的相互作用 植物病理学报 2014,44 (1) 97-106
Position: Home > Articles > Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cereal cyst nematode Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 2014,44 (1) 97-106

丛枝菌根真菌与小麦孢囊线虫的相互作用

作  者：
王小坤;赵洪海;李敏;刘润进
单  位：
青岛农业大学菌根生物技术研究所
关键词：
小麦孢囊线虫;丛枝菌根真菌;Gigaspora margarita;防御性酶
摘  要：
近年来,小麦孢囊线虫(cereal cyst nematodes,CCN:主要病原为燕麦孢囊线虫Heterodera avenae)对小麦(Triticum aestivum)的危害日益严重,亟待探索新的生防途径。丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)作为环境功能生物,对寄主植物具有生物药肥双重作用,不仅能促进植物吸收利用养分,而且能拮抗土传病原物、提高植物抗病性。本研究以AMF与CCN相互作用为切入点,试图明确AMF与CCN相互作用关系,并科学评价不同AMF抑制CCN、降低病害的效应。试验于温室盆栽条件下进行,设接种AMF Gigaspora margarita(Gi.m)、Glomus mosseae(G.m)、Glomus intraradices(G.i)、Glomus versiforme(G.v)、Gi.m+G.m+G.i+G.v、CCN、CCN+Gi.m、CCN+G.m、CCN+G.i、CCN+G.v、CCN+Gi.m+G.m+G.i+G.v和不接种对照(CK)共12个处理。结果表明,接种AMF各处理均能降低小麦孢囊线虫侵染率、土壤中孢囊数和根内J2数量,其中Gi.m处理抑制效果最大;CCN不同程度减少AMF侵入点数和产孢数量。Gi.m和CCN+Gi.m处理的根内丛枝着生数量最多,而后者根内的超氧化物歧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著高于其他处理、丙二醛含量则显著低于其他CCN+AM真菌处理。Gi.m和G.i处理的小麦株高、地上部干重高于其他处理;Gi.m和CCN+Gi.m的处理的单穗重和单株产量均高于其他处理。表明AMF能不同程度拮抗CCN、促进小麦生长和提高产量,其中,Gi.m是高效菌种。结论认为,AMF与CCN之间存在一定相互抑制作用,AMF能通过诱导植株防御反应拮抗CCN。
译  名：
Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and cereal cyst nematode
作  者：
WANG Xiao -kun;ZHAO Hong-hai;LI Min;LIU Run-jin;Institute of Mycorrhizal Biotechnology,Qingdao Agricultural University;Nematode Laboratory,Qingdao Agricultural University;
关键词：
cereal cyst nematode;;arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi;;Gigaspora margarita;;defensive enzymes
摘  要：
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),as one kind of the environmental functioning organisms,have the dual role of biocide and fertilizer,which not only enhance nutrient absorption and utilization by host plants,but also antagonize soil-borne pathogens and improve plant disease resistance.In recent years,cereal cyst nematode(CCN) disease on wheat(Triticum aestivum) become serious and the new biocontrol approach needs to be explored.The purpose of this study was to clarify the interaction relationship between AMF and CCN;evaluate the effects of different AMF suppressing CCN and reducing disease.Pot experiments were carried with 12 treatments:inoculation with AMF Gigaspora margarita(Gi.m),Glomus mosseae(G.m),Glomus intraradices(G.i),Glomus versiforme(G.v),Gi.m+G.m+G.i+G.v,CCN,CCN+Gi.m,CCN+G.m,CCN+G.i,CCN+G.v,CCN +Gi.m+G.m+G.i+G.v and non-inoculation control(CK).The results showed that the treatments with AMF reduced CCN infection rate,cyst numbers in the soil and J2 numbers in the root and Gi.m treatment was the best.CCN reduced the numbers of AMF entry points and spores.The arbuscule colonization percentage in Gi.m and CCN +Gi.m treatments was the highest.The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),and catalase(CAT) in roots inoculated with CCN+Gi.m were significantly higher than that in the other treatments,while the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) was lower than that in the other CCN +AMFtreatments.The plant height,stems and leaves dry weight of plants inoculated with Gi.m or G.i were higher than that in the other treatments;the weight per ear and yield per plant treated with Gi.m,or CCN +Gi.m were higher than other treatments.That showed AMF could inhibit CCN,enhance wheat growth and increase yield in some degree,and Gi.m was superior.It was suggested there was negative interactions between AMF and CCN;and AMF can antagonize CCN through inducing defense reactions.

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