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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 包膜控释尿素(追施)对冬小麦生长发育及土壤硝态氮含量的影响 农业环境科学学报 2012,31 (02) 163-170
Position: Home > Articles > Influences of Topdressing Controlled-Release Coated Urea on Plant Growth and Soil NO-3-N Content of Winter Wheat Journal of Agro-Environment Science 2012,31 (02) 163-170

包膜控释尿素(追施)对冬小麦生长发育及土壤硝态氮含量的影响

作  者：
薛高峰;张贵龙;孙焱鑫;陈延华;廖上强
单  位：
北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所;农业部环境保护科研监测所
关键词：
包膜控释尿素;追施;冬小麦;生长发育;土壤硝态氮含量
摘  要：
通过田间试验,研究了苗期和返青期追施释放期为30d和60d的包膜控释尿素对冬小麦生长发育及土壤硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,分别在冬小麦苗期和返青期追施释放期为60d包膜控释尿素(N60N60),能显著促进植株生长发育,增强植株对N、P、K养分吸收,增加籽粒产量。与不追肥(CK)处理相比,N60N60处理植株地上部和地下部干物重分别提高33.21%和67.84%;叶片叶绿素含量增加12.77%～25.20%;植株茎叶N、P、K含量分别增加63.55%、37.08%和6.91%,籽粒N、P、K含量分别增加8.56%、31.18%和24.49%;小麦穗长、穗粒重、千粒重和籽粒产量分别增加14.14%、27.00%、39.32%和48.01%。在返青期追施1次包膜控释尿素,N0N30优于N0N60处理,叶绿素含量增加1.50%～3.04%;植株茎叶N、P、K含量分别增加12.37%、12.25%和1.26%,籽粒N、P、K含量分别增加0.50%、5.69%和9.74%;小麦穗长、穗粒重、千粒重和籽粒产量分别增加2.84%、11.81%、11.65%和6.61%。同时,包膜控释尿素施用能明显减少硝态氮向土壤深层渗漏数量,减轻对地下水污染风险。
译  名：
Influences of Topdressing Controlled-Release Coated Urea on Plant Growth and Soil NO-3-N Content of Winter Wheat
作  者：
XUE Gao-feng1, ZHANG Gui-long2, SUN Yan-xin1*, CHEN Yan-hua1, LIAO Shang-qiang1(1.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; 2.Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China)
关键词：
controlled-release coated urea; topdressing; winter wheat; plant growth; soil NO-3-N content
摘  要：
A field experiment was performed to study the effects of controlled-release coated urea with duration of 30 d and 60 d topdressed at seedling stage or regreening stage on plant growth and soil NO-3-N content of winter wheat. The results showed that controlled-release coated urea(with duration of 60 d) could significantly promote plant growth, enhance N, P and K absorption, increase grain yield when it was topdressed at seedling stage and regreening stage. Compared with CK(only basal fertilizer was applied) treatment, the dry weight of shoot and root was increased by 33.21% and 67.84% respectively, the chlorophyl content in wheat leaves was increased by 12.77%~25.20%, the N, P and K content in shoot and grain were increased by 63.55%, 37.08%, 6.91% and 8.56%, 31.18%, 24.49% respectively. The spike length, grain weight, 1000-grain weight and grain yield were higher of 14.14%, 27.00%, 39.32% and 48.01% than the control treatment(CK). Controlled-release coated urea topdressed once at the regreening stage, N0N30 treatment was better than N0N60 treatment. The chlorophyl content was increased by 1.50%~3.04%, the N, P and K content in shoot and grain were increased by 12.37%, 12.25%, 1.26% and 0.50%, 5.69%, 9.74% respectively. The spike length, grain weight, 1000-grain weight and grain yield were increased by 2.84%, 11.81%, 11.65% and 6.61%. At the same time, controlled-release coated urea application could evidently decrease the quantity of soil NO-3-N leached to deep soil and lessen the risk to ground water pollution.

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