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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 阿克苏地区骏枣落果规律及其保果措施 西北农业学报 2013,22 (6) 108-112
Position: Home > Articles > Fruit Drop Law and Retention Measures of Jun-jujuba in Aksu Region Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica 2013,22 (6) 108-112

阿克苏地区骏枣落果规律及其保果措施

作  者：
侍瑞;陈辉惶;努尔尼萨;杜研;牛真真;王海儒;李建贵
单  位：
新疆农业大学科研管理处;新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院
关键词：
骏枣;落果率;矿质营养;外源激素;疏花疏果
摘  要：
以阿克苏地区红枣主栽品种骏枣为材料,研究在枣果不同生长发育阶段采取喷施矿物质营养、喷施外源激素和疏花疏果3种保果措施对骏枣落果率的影响。结果表明:骏枣生理落果有两个高峰期,分别出现在幼果期和果实成熟期,果实成熟期落果率明显高于其他枣果生长发育期;幼果期落果是骏枣产量形成的关键时期,有必要采取适当的保果措施防止落果;不同保果措施从不同程度上降低落果率,尿素(w=0.5%)在枣果整个生长期可以减缓落果发生,w=0.3%硼肥、30mg/L的赤霉素和30mg/L的萘乙酸可以有效防止幼果期落果,疏花疏果措施可以大幅减轻落果的发生,但不实用。针对枣落果规律,枣果生长发育前期可以采取促进坐果措施,而中后期应采用有效保果方法。
译  名：
Fruit Drop Law and Retention Measures of Jun-jujuba in Aksu Region
作  者：
SHI Rui1,CHEN Huihuang1,NUER Nisa1,DU Yan1, NIU Zhenzhen1,WANG Hairu1 and LI Jiangui2(1.College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China; 2.Scientific Research Management Office,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
关键词：
Jun-jujuba;Fruit drop rate;Mineral nutrition;Exogenous hormone;Blossom and fruit thinning
摘  要：
The main cultivar jun-jujuba trees in Aksu Xinjiang was selected as material to study the difference of fruit drop under the 3 different fruit retention treatments of mineral nutrition spraying,exogenous hormone spraying and blossom and fruit thinning during different Jun-jujuba development stages.The results showed that the physiological fruit drop of Jun-jujuba had two peaks,appeared respectively in young fruit period and fruit expanding process;the fruit drop rate during fruit expanding process was obviously higher than in the other jujuba fruit growth and development period;fruit drop in young fruit period was the key period of yield formation,thus it was necessary to take appropriate measures to prevent the fruit drop;different fruit retention measures reduced fruit drop rate to some extent.w=0.5% urea reduced fruit drop during the whole fruit growing period;w=0.3% boric fertilizer,30 mg/L gibberellins and 30 mg/L naphthylacetic acid all effectively prevented fruit drop in young fruit period;thinning blossom and fruit greatly reduced the occurrence of fruit drop but this treatment was unpractical.According to the law of jujuba fruit drop,promoting fruit-set measures should be taken at the early growth stage and effective retention measures should be adopted in the mid-late growth stage.

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