单 位：
北京农业职业学院食品与生物工程系;北京农业职业学院畜牧兽医系;北京市大兴区畜牧技术推广站
关键词：
发酵床;杏鲍菇菌糠;断奶仔猪;生长性能;肠道菌群;免疫
摘 要：
旨在研究杏鲍菇菌糠作为发酵床垫料对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及免疫功能的影响。选择120头体重(8.0±0.5)kg的"杜长大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,对照组垫料:50%锯末+50%稻壳;试验组Ⅰ组垫料:100%菌糠;试验组Ⅱ垫料:15%锯末+15%稻壳+70%菌糠;试验组Ⅲ垫料:25%锯末+25%稻壳+50%菌糠;试验组Ⅳ:35%锯末+35%稻壳+30%菌糠。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明,除试验组IV外,其余各试验组与对照组相比,均不同程度地提高了断奶仔猪的平均日增重,差异显著(P<0.05)。其中,试验组Ⅰ断奶仔猪平均日增重效果最显著,但平均日采食量也明显增加,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);除试验组I外,试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ与对照组相比,均显著降低了断奶仔猪的腹泻率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ显著降低了断奶仔猪结肠和盲肠中大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05),显著提高了乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,断奶21 d和42 d时,4个试验组仔猪的外周血液T、B淋巴细胞阳性率明显升高(P<0.05);试验组II和III能显著提高仔猪肠道黏液中Ig A含量(P<0.05)。菌糠作为发酵床垫料,不仅提高了仔猪的生产性能,还改善了其免疫功能,降低了腹泻率。其中,试验组Ⅲ(25%锯末+25%稻壳+50%菌糠)是最佳的垫料配比比例。
译 名：
Effects of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii as fermentation bedding litters on growth performance,intestinal microflora and immunity of weanling pigs
作 者：
GUO Tong;WU Yan;GAO Wei;LI Linyan;Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture;Daxing District Animal Husbandry Technology Promotionstation of Beijing;Department of Food and Biological Engineering,Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture;
关键词：
fermentation bed;;spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii;;weanling pigs;;growth performance;;intestinal microflora;;immunity
摘 要：
The present study was conducted to examine the effects of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii as fermentation bed litters on growth performance,intestinal microflora and immunity of weanling pigs. A total of 120 weanling pigs( Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) average initial body weight of( 8. 0±0. 5) kg were allocated to five dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design for 42 days,each of which was replicated three times with eight pigs per replicate( half male,half female). The control group bedding litters: 50% sawdust +50% rice husk; experimental group Ⅰ : 100% spent substrate; experimental group Ⅱ: 15% sawdust +15% rice husk +70% spent substrate; experimental group Ⅲ: 25% sawdust +25% rice husk +50% spent substrate; experimental group Ⅳ: 35% sawdust +35% rice husk +30% spent substrate. The results showed that except experimental group Ⅳ,other three experimental groups compared to control had higher( P<0. 05) average daily gain( ADG) and experimental group Ⅰ had higher( P<0. 05) average daily feed intake. Except experimental group Ⅰ,compared with control,experimental group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ diarrhea rate of weanling pigs were significantly decreased( P < 0. 05)and significantly increased the number of ileum and cecum of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria( P<0. 05),significantly reduced the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella( P<0. 05). The positive rate of T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of four experimental groups was significantly higher than control group after weaning 21 d and 42 d( P< 0. 05). Experimental group Ⅱ and Ⅲ could significantly improve the Ig A content of intestinal mucus in piglets( P<0. 05). Together,spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii could be used as fermentation bed litters,which not only improved the growth performance of piglets,but also improved the immune function and reduced the rate of diarrhea,and the optimal proportion of spent substrate of Pleurotus Eryngii was experimental group Ⅲ( 25% sawdust + 25% rice husk + 50% spent substrate).
