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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 水稻空间搭载与地面γ辐照诱变效应的比较研究 中国农业科学 2006,39 (7) 1306-1312
Position: Home > Articles > A Comparative Study on Mutagenic Effects of Space Flight and γ-rays Irradiation in Rice Scientia Agricultura Sinica 2006,39 (7) 1306-1312

水稻空间搭载与地面γ辐照诱变效应的比较研究

作  者：
魏力军;王俊敏;杨谦;骆荣挺;张铭铣;鲍根良;徐建龙;孙野青
单  位：
浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所;中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与遗传改良国家重大科学工程;哈尔滨工业大学理学生命科学与工程系
关键词：
水稻;空间环境诱变;诱变效应;生理损伤;诱变育种
摘  要：
【目的】了解空间环境诱变对水稻当代生长促进和生长抑制及M2代株高和抽穗期的诱变效应。【方法】从辐射敏感的粳稻品种Lemont与钝感的籼稻品种特青的重组自交系后代选择空间搭载处理当代效应不同的两组株系,比较其后代株高和抽穗期的突变频率和诱变效率。【结果】空间搭载导致“促进组”苗高平均比对照增高34.9%,“抑制组”比对照降低39.1%,两组的结实率与对照没有明显差异。两组株系M2代均出现株高和抽穗期突变,但“促进组”出现高秆、矮秆、早熟和迟熟的平均突变频率和诱变效率都显著低于“抑制组”。地面γ辐照诱发两组材料的当代平均生理损伤无显著差异,诱发M2代抽穗期的突变频率与诱变效率是“抑制组”高于“促进组”,诱发高、矮秆的突变频率在两组间各有高低,但高、矮秆的诱变效率则是“促进组”高于“抑制组”。空间搭载诱发株高和抽穗期的突变频率均明显低于地面γ辐照处理,但多数性状的诱变效率则高于γ辐照。【结论】空间环境诱发水稻当代出现幼苗生长促进和抑制两种效应,M2代抑制组的株高和抽穗期的突变频率和诱变效率均明显高于促进组。
译  名：
A Comparative Study on Mutagenic Effects of Space Flight and γ-rays Irradiation in Rice
作  者：
WEI Li-jun1, WANG Jun-min2, YANG Qian, LUO Rong-ting2, ZHANG Ming-xian2, Bao Gen-liang2, XU Jian-long3, SUN Ye-qing1 (1 Department of Life Science and Engineering , College of Science Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001; 2 Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021; 3 The Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081)
关键词：
Rice; Sapce environment-induced mutation; Mutagenic effect; Physiological damage; Mutation breeding
摘  要：
【Objective】 The experiment was conducted to study the mutagenic effects of space environment on seedling growth in M1, plant height and heading date in M2 in rice. 【Method】 Two types of lines of growth promotion (GP) and growth suppression (GS) were selected from the recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between a sensitive japonica Lemont and a nonsensitive indica Teqing to compare mutation frequency and mutagenic efficiency for plant height and heading date in M2 generation. 【Result】Space environment resulted in 34.9% higher seedling height in GP group than in the control and 39.1% lower in GS group than in the control, and there was no difference in seed fertility between the two groups. In M2, mutants of plant height and heading date can be induced by space treatment in both the two groups with lower mutation frequency and mutagenic efficiency in GP group than in GS group. There were no significant differences in physiological damages in M1 between the two groups after γ-rays irradiation treatment. Mutation frequency and mutagenic efficiency of heading date in M2 were higher in GS group than in GP group, and opposite was true for mutagenic efficiency of plant height although the mutation frequency varied between the two groups. The mutation frequencies of plant height and heading date induced by space environment were obviously lower than those by γ-raysirradiation, but the mutagenic efficiency was opposite for the most traits. 【Conclusion】 For GP and GS of seedlings induced by space environment, GS had higher mutation frequency and mutagenic efficiency of plant height and heading date than GP in M2.

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