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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同季节及气候区对奶牛繁殖效率的影响 中国奶牛 2018 (12) 18-23
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Different Seasons and Climatic Zones on the Reproductive Efficiency of Dairy Cows China Dairy Cattle 2018 (12) 18-23

不同季节及气候区对奶牛繁殖效率的影响

作  者：
王景霖;董飞;马志愤;胥刚;徐生勇;樊锐
单  位：
兰州大学草地农业科技学院;一牧科技(北京)有限公司
关键词：
季节;干湿气候;奶牛热应激;受胎率;21d怀孕率
摘  要：
为了探讨我国不同季节和气候区奶牛受热应激影响的严重程度,本文采用一般线性模型,基于一牧云系统对27个具有代表性的大中型牧场(牧场规模>1 000头)2015年和2016年各月份受胎率及21d怀孕率进行了评估。结果显示:半干旱区的牧场奶牛受胎率(0.497±0.1141)显著高于干旱区(0.4578±0.1308)和半湿润区(0.3905±0.099),干旱区域的牧场奶牛受胎率显著高于半湿润区(P<0.05)。全年8月份受胎率最低(0.3830±0.0204),11月份受胎率最高(0.4810±0.0138);8月与7月、9月受胎率差异不显著,但显著低于其他月份的受胎率(P<0.05)。三个气候区之间奶牛的繁殖效率受热应激影响持续时间和强度也有所差异,繁殖效率受奶牛热应激的影响在半湿润区大于干旱区,且主要应对阶段在7～9月份,而半干旱区繁殖效率受奶牛热应激影响较小,但热应激效应可能持续到10月份,处在不同气候区域的牧场需要结合牧场实际情况提前采取措施预防热应激。
译  名：
Effects of Different Seasons and Climatic Zones on the Reproductive Efficiency of Dairy Cows
作  者：
WANG Jing-lin;DONG Fei;MA Zhi-fen;XU Gang;XU Sheng-yong;FAN Rui;EYIMU S&T(Beijing)Co.,Ltd.;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems;
单  位：
Beijing
关键词：
Seasons;;Wet/dry climate;;Heat stress;;Conception rate;;21-days pregnant risk
摘  要：
In order to investigate the severity of the effects of heat stress in different climatic zones and different lactation stages,a general linear model was used in this paper to evaluate the indicator of the 21-day pregnancy rate and the conception rate in each month in 2015 and 2016 in 27 large and medium-sized farms(numbers of cows more than 1000)for different geographical regions and different lactation stages.The results showed that the conception rate(0.497±0.1141)in semi-arid area was significantly higher than that in arid area(0.4578±0.1308)and semi-humid area(0.3905±0.099),and the conception rate in arid area was significantly higher than that in semi-humid area(P<0.05).The reproductive efficiency of the three climate zones is also different from the heat stress of dairy cows.The effect of heat stress on the semi humid region is greater than that in the arid region,and the main coping stage should be in July to September,while the reproductive efficiency of the semi-arid region is less affected by the heat stress of the cows,but the effect will continue to October,the farms in different climates need to take measures to prevent heat stress in combination with the actual situation.

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