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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同灌水水平及一膜两年覆盖对玉米干物质积累与土壤温度的影响 甘肃农业大学学报 2017,52 (1) 57-62
Position: Home > Articles > Correlation between soil temperature and dry matter accumulation of maize under no-tillage with mulch film Journal of Gansu Agricultural University 2017,52 (1) 57-62

不同灌水水平及一膜两年覆盖对玉米干物质积累与土壤温度的影响

作  者：
赵财;柴强;殷文;胡发龙
单  位：
甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃农业大学农学院
关键词：
一膜两年用;灌水水平;土壤温度;绿洲灌区;玉米
摘  要：
【目的】为给绿洲灌区玉米生产优化耕作措施、地膜再利用和水分高效利用提供理论依据.【方法】以大田玉米为研究对象,在不同灌水水平下研究了覆膜免耕(NT)、秋免耕春覆膜(RT)和传统耕作覆膜(CT)方式下农田土壤温度和干物质积累的相关性.【结果】与CT和RT相比,覆膜免耕显著降低了玉米苗期的增温效果,NT平均地温分别较RT和CT方式低1.5和1.8℃,而对玉米拔节期以后的土壤温度无明显影响,且玉米全生育期0~25cm土壤平均温度在不同覆膜方式间无显著差异.覆膜免耕玉米相对生长率在抽雄吐丝期前明显低于CT和RT处理,分别低16.87%和18.34%;而吐丝期至成熟期,分别较RT和CT方式高出17.84%和18.80%.土壤温度与其干物质积累在玉米苗期具有显著线性正相关关系.覆膜免耕方式下玉米可获得与两种新膜覆盖方式相当的产量,且在低灌水水平下获得籽粒产量显著高于传统覆膜处理,覆膜免耕较传统覆膜处理高出16.39%.【结论】覆膜免耕虽对玉米苗期的土壤温度和干物质积累有显著影响,但可获得与两种新膜覆盖相当的籽粒产量,是适于西北绿洲灌区的具有良好生态效益的农田覆膜节水管理新技术.
译  名：
Correlation between soil temperature and dry matter accumulation of maize under no-tillage with mulch film
作  者：
ZHAO Cai;CHAI Qiang;YIN Wen;HU Fa-long;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science,College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University;
关键词：
no-tillage with mulch film;;irrigation level;;soil temperature;;irrigated area of oasis;;maize
摘  要：
【Objective】The aim of this study was to provide theoretical basis for optimization of maize cropping system,mulch recycle and increasing water use efficiency in oasis irrigated area.【Method】A field test was conducted to evaluate the effect of no-tillage with mulch film(NT),no tillage in autumn and mulching in spring(RT),conventional plastic mulching(CT)on soil temperature and dry matter accumulation under different irrigation levels.【Result】The results showed that NT significantly decreased the warming effect at seedling stage of maize and mean soil temperature reduced by 1.5 ℃ and 1.8 ℃respectively compared with CT and RT but had no significant effect after jointing stage.The mean soil temperature at 0~25cm layer under NT treatment was lower by 0.25 ℃ and 0.29 ℃than that in RT and CT respectively without significant difference among three modes during the whole growing period.The relative crop growth rate(CGR)of NT lowered by 16.87% and 18.34%than that of RT and CT respectively be-fore silking stage.However,the CGR of NT was higher by 17.84% and 18.80%than RT and CT respectively from silking stage to maturation stage.At the seedling stage,there was linear positive correlation between soil temperature and dry matter accumulation.Compared with the other two mulching patterns,the difference in grain yield of NT was not significantly,and maize yield in NT was 16.39% higher than that of CT under low irrigation level.【Conclusion】NT had significant effect on soil temperature and dry matter accumulation,its seed yield was equal to the two new film mulching and could be considered as a suitable new advanced technique of maize cropping system with good economic and ecological benefits in northwest oasis irrigated area of China.

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