关键词：
采煤塌陷区;染色示踪;土壤裂隙;优先流;神府-东胜煤田
摘 要：
研究采煤塌陷区裂缝优先流特征可为矿区水土流失和生态环境治理提供基础支撑。选择神府-东胜煤田石圪台煤矿采煤塌陷区2个裂缝宽度、条数不同的试验点,依据染色示踪试验,利用Photoshop CS 6.0和Arc GIS 10.2图像处理技术研究采煤塌陷区土壤裂缝优先流特征。研究结果表明:1)不同地表裂缝条件下,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤的孔隙度、含水量及田间持水量均呈增加趋势,饱和导水率呈减小态势;2)水平剖面上,土壤染色面积随深度的增加而减小,染色区域位置具有一定的连续性;3)垂直剖面上,土壤染色面积随深度整体上呈S形趋势减小;4)试验点1在地面以下8~54 cm区间染色路径较多,试验点2在地面以下12~28 cm区间染色路径较多。以上结果说明采煤塌陷区裂缝的宽度、条数等对土壤优先流产生重要影响。
译 名：
Characteristics of preferential flow in the soil cracks of a coal mining subsidence area
作 者：
GUO Qiaoling;SU Ning;DING Bin;YANG Yunsong;Institute of Resource & Environment,Henan Polytechnic University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic Region;Information Center of Yellow River Conservancy Commission;Institute of Business Management,Henan Polytechnic University;
单 位：
GUO Qiaoling%SU Ning%DING Bin%YANG Yunsong%Institute of Resource & Environment,Henan Polytechnic University%Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic Region%Information Center of Yellow River Conservancy Commission%Institute of Business Management,Henan Polytechnic University
关键词：
coal mining subsidence area;;dye tracing;;soil crack;;preferential flow;;Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield
摘 要：
[Background] Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield is located in arid and semi-arid area,and its ecological environment is fragile. Large amount of coal mining results in widespread distribution of surface cracks in subsidence area. The occurrence of fissures provides preferential way for water migration,and causes soil and water loss and a series of ecological environmental problems. Studying the preferential flow in the cracks of coal mining subsidence area may provide basic support for controlling soil and water loss and protecting ecological environment. [Methods] The subsidence area without any vegetation in Shenfu-Dongsheng coalfield has been taken as research area. Two test points( 1 crack of 20 mm in testing point 1 and 3 cracks of 5 mm in testing point 2) were set in a 50 m × 50 m testing area,then 4 g/L bright-blue solution was used to dye it,and images were taken in 1 horizontal and 5 vertical sections,as well as soil samples were collected from each section. Then the images were processed and calibrated by Photoshop CS 6. 0 and Arc GIS 10. 2. Physical and moisture characteristics of the sampled soil from thetesting area were analyzed,including grain composition,soil porosity,water content,bulk density,saturated hydraulic conductivity,and field water-holding capacity. [Results]1) Under different surface cracks,the soil porosity,water content and field water-holding capacity increased and the saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increase of soil depth. Moreover,they were almost the same in the same soil depth even in different crack condition. 2) On the horizontal section,the dyeing area of the soil decreased with the increase of depth,and the location of the dyeing region had a certain continuity.3) On the vertical profile,the soil dyeing area had S shape decreasing trend with the depth increasing.The maximum dyeing depth was 66. 02 cm in test point 1 and 46. 87 cm in test point 2. At the same time,the distribution characteristics of preferential flow were significantly different in two test sites. In addition,the distribution characteristics of preferential flow in the two test sites were also different,indicating that the width and number of cracks affected the preferential flow. The area with larger crack width had great influence on the seepage flow,and preferential flow reached the deeper part of the soil.4) Dyeing paths were more below ground 8-54 cm in test point 1 while 12-28 cm in test point 2. In general,the number of wide dyed paths decreased and the number of small dyed paths increased with the increase of soil depth. [Conclusions] In summary,the surface cracks in coal mining subsidence area cause the occurrence of preferential flow. The width and number of cracks have a significant influence on the preferential flow in the coal mining subsidence area.
