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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 玉米秸秆沼渣土壤保水剂制备与性能表征 农业机械学报 2016,47 (6) 199-206
Position: Home > Articles > Synthesis and Characterization of Corn Straw Residue Water Retention Agent Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2016,47 (6) 199-206

玉米秸秆沼渣土壤保水剂制备与性能表征

作  者：
王宇欣;王越;王平智
单  位：
中国农业大学农业部设施农业工程重点实验室
关键词：
秸秆;沼渣;保水剂;微波法;吸水性能;形态表征
摘  要：
以玉米秸秆沼渣为试验原料,采用硝酸-乙醇法提纯、丙烯酸为接枝单体、过硫酸钾为自由基引发剂、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,在微波加热条件下,通过接枝聚合反应制备沼渣纤维素土壤保水剂,并对合成产物的吸液倍率、保水性能、红外光谱和表面形态进行表征。结果表明,单体丙烯酸与秸秆沼渣纤维素的质量比为7,中和度为70.0%,引发剂与单体质量比为2.0%,交联剂与单体质量比为0.1%,合成的秸秆纤维素保水剂具有较高的吸水倍率。红外吸收光谱中,沼渣纤维素保水剂在波数1 200 cm~(-1)出现了丙烯酸的C—O伸缩峰,在波数1 350 cm~(-1)附近出现了丙烯酸的O—H弯曲振动区。中和后的—COO-削弱了丙烯酸中的C=O,使C=O的吸收峰在波数1 557.98 cm~(-1)处出现,表明接枝成功。利用玉米秸秆沼渣中的纤维素进行接枝改性制备土壤保水剂,是实现农业废弃物资源化高效利用的一种新方法。
译  名：
Synthesis and Characterization of Corn Straw Residue Water Retention Agent
作  者：
Wang Yuxin;Wang Yue;Wang Pingzhi;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment,China Agricultural University;
关键词：
straw;;biogas residue;;water retention agent;;microwave-assisted method;;water absorbency;;surface morphology
摘  要：
The synthesis principle of cellulose water retention agent is polymerization initiated by free radical and the grafting mechanism usually includes chain initiation,chain growth,chain termination,and oxidation. In the presence of initiator,the free radical is generated on the cellulose macromolecule skeleton firstly,and then with the help of chain transfer,the graft copolymer is formed by reacting with monomer. Applying N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker,potassium peroxydisulfate as free radical evocating agent,acrylic acid as grafting monomer,cellulose in corn straw biogas residue was purified by nitric acid-ethanol method to synthesize water retention agent. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment,the synthesis process was optimized,and the absorbency,infrared spectra and surface morphology of obtained water retention agent in the experiment were characterized.The experimental result showed that the optimal process of corn straw residue water retention agent was as follows: the mass ratio of acrylic acid to actived straw residue at 7,neutralization degree at 70. 0%,the dosage of initiator( mass ratio to the monomer) and crosslinker( mass ratio to the monomer) at 2. 0%,0. 1%,respectively. Furthermore,9 min microwave moderate heating then 1 min higher heating were needed in the continuous experiment. Under this experimental conditions, the straw residue water retention agent had stronger water absorbency,and the maximum water absorption rate was 382. 22 g/g as well as with a certain thermal stability. Infrared absorption spectrum showed that there were C—O stretching vibration peaks of acrylic at 1 200 cm~(-1)and O—H bending vibration zone of acrylic acid near1 350 cm~(-1). Furthermore,the neutralized —COO-reduced the C= O in acrylic acid,and theabsorption peak of C=O appeared at 1 557. 98 cm~(-1). All of above indicate that grafting polymerization of corn straw residue cellulose water retention agent is successful.

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