作 者：
李文珠;章亮;于子绚;张静;王盟盟;王珊珊;赵磊
关键词：
竹炭;聚氯乙烯;竹炭/聚氯乙烯复合板材;物理力学性能;燃烧性能
摘 要：
以竹炭(BC)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)为原材料,制备竹炭/聚氯乙烯复合板材(BC/PVC),采用热重分析仪和热重-红外联用仪测试分析热失重特性,用锥形量热仪测试分析其燃烧特性,并进行了远红外辐射率和吸水厚度膨胀率等物理力学性能的测试。结果表明,BC/PVC的物理力学性能满足GB/T 24137—2009《木塑装饰板》和DB44 T 349—2006《木塑复合材料技术条件》规定的要求,尺寸稳定性优良。其中,BC的加入能够显著增强PVC的热稳定性,BC/PVC残余质量分数达45.05%,是PVC的5.3倍,且最大热分解温度延后,发生热失重的温度段缩短,热失重速率明显降低。BC/PVC燃烧时气体生成出现在中后期且总量不大,主要为CO2,BC有效减少燃烧过程中HCl的生成,降低了烟气毒性,且通过促进基材形成"有效炭层",使BC/PVC的总热释放降低38.05%,烟气释放量仅为PVC的1/3,600 s时残炭量达到PVC的近11倍,整体阻燃防烟性能较好,显著提升材料在发生火灾时的安全性。BC/PVC在8～14μm波段的远红外发射率均值达0.938,具有较高的远红外辐射特性,有望实现PVC基复合板功能化的研发应用。
译 名：
Study on the performance of functional BC/PVC composites
作 者：
LI Wenzhu;ZHANG Liang;YU Zixuan;ZHANG Jing;WANG Mengmeng;WANG Shanshan;ZHAO Lei;School of Engineering,Zhejiang A &F University;International Center for Bamboo and Rattan;
关键词：
bamboo charcoal;;polyvinyl chloride;;BC/PVC composite board;;physical and mechanical property;;combustion performance
摘 要：
As a functional biochar,bamboo charcoal( BC) has excellent pore structure and unique biological characteristics.The physical mechanics and flame retardancy of composites can be greatly improved by combining BC with polymers. As a matter of fact,many researches have been completed to solve the problem of producing a large amount of dangerous gases during the combustion of polyvinyl chloride( PVC). Some synergistic flame-retardant systems with a certain limiting effect on some properties of products are usually used,being expected to expand the application fields. Thus,in order to simplify the modification method while improve the combustion performance of the PVCbased composite and develop its functionality,BC and PVC were used as raw materials to prepare BC/PVC composites in this work,aiming at providing a theoretical reference for the wide application of BC/PVC composites in the construction and decoration industry. The thermal stability of BC/PVC composites was examined by the Thermogravimetry( TG) and TG-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR). Then the combustion characteristics were tested by the cone calorimeter for obtaining further combustion performance parameters under real conditions. At the same time,the infrared radiation rate,water absorption thickness expansion rate,etc. were examined as well. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of BC/PVC composites met the requirements of the standards of GB/T 24137-2009 and DB44 T 349-2006,indicating that,with its excellent dimensional stability,it could be considered as a new type of decorative materials for indoor and outdoor applications. The residual mass fraction of BC/PVC composites was 45.05%,which was 5.3 times of PVC,while the maximum decomposition temperature was delayed,the temperature range of thermal weightlessness was shortened and the rate of thermal weightlessness was reduced.BC significantly enhanced the thermal stability of BC/PVC composites at high temperatures. In general,the gas generation occurs in late stage and the total amount was not large during the combustion,mainly CO2. BC effectively reduced the generation of HCl and the toxicity of gas. Moreover,the total heat release of BC/PVC composites was reduced by 38.05%,and the gas release was only 1/3 of PVC by promoting the formation of"effective carbon layer"on the substrate,resulting in nearly 11 times the carbon residue compared with the pure PVC,which significantly improved the safety in case of fire. Besides,the far infrared specific emissivity of BC/PVC composites in 8-14μm band was 0.938,which is expected to realize the composite functionalization to further promote the applications of PVC-based composites.
