作 者：
陈玉真;王峰;吴志丹;江福英;张文锦;翁伯琦;罗旭辉;尤志明
摘 要：
采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了林地转变为茶园对土壤团聚体及渗透性能的影响。结果表明:林地和植茶30年茶园土壤水稳性团聚体以>5mm粒径为主,新垦3年茶园以<0.25mm的微团聚体含量为主。林地开垦为茶园后,在0—20cm土层中土壤>0.25mm的水稳性团聚体含量(R0.25)、平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均值(GMD)、初始渗透速率、平均渗透速率、稳定渗透速率、前30min渗透量和总渗透量分别降低了10.59%~19.38%,30.32%~65.60%,44.04%~72.08%,49.97%~76.62%,51.04%~73.90%,51.90%~55.66%,55.61%~78.82%,59.65%~69.23%(P<0.05),分形维数(D)则显著增加了4.61%~7.52%(P<0.05);各样地土壤R0.25、MWD、GMD、初始渗透速率、平均渗透速率、稳定渗透速率、前30min渗透量和总渗透量均表现为林地>植茶30年茶园>新垦3年茶园,D表现趋势则相反;Pearson相关分析表明,各样地土壤渗透性能指标与R0.25、MWD、GWD和>5mm团聚体含量呈极显著正相关,与1~2,0.5~1,0.25~0.5,<0.25mm团聚体含量、分形维数(D)呈显著或极显著负相关;各样地土壤团聚体稳定性能指标(D除外)和渗透性能参数均与土壤有机碳、碱解氮、速效钾、孔隙度和田间持水量之间呈极显著正相关,与土壤容重之间呈极显著负相关,与pH和速效磷之间相关性不显著。以上结果表明,林地开垦为茶园后,土壤水稳性团聚体含量下降(尤其是>5mm大团聚体含量),从而导致土壤团聚体稳定性降低,渗透性能指标也随之下降;随着植茶年限增加,土壤有机碳和速效养分增加,有利于增加土壤大团聚体含量,土壤团聚体稳定性和渗透性能指标得到恢复,但仍未达到林地水平。
译 名：
Effects of Conversion from Forestland into Tea Garden on Soil Aggregate and Infiltration Capability
作 者：
CHEN Yuzhen;WANG Feng;WU Zhidan;JIANG Fuying;ZHANG Wenjin;WENG Boqi;LUO Xuhui;YOU Zhiming;Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tea Tree and Oolong Tea Processes in Fujian,Ministry of Agriculture;Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Hilly Red Soil;
单 位：
CHEN Yuzhen%WANG Feng%WU Zhidan%JIANG Fuying%ZHANG Wenjin%WENG Boqi%LUO Xuhui%YOU Zhiming%Tea Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences%Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Tea Tree and Oolong Tea Processes in Fujian,Ministry of Agriculture%Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Hilly Red Soil
关键词：
reclamation of forestland;;tea garden;;soil aggregates;;soil infiltration
摘 要：
Through the field survey and laboratory analysis,this paper studied the impact on soil aggregate and infiltration capability after forestland converted into tea garden.The results showed that the water-stable aggregates of the forestland and 30 years-tea garden(30 years)were dominated by macro-aggregates(> 5 mm),and the soil micro-aggregates(<0.25 mm)was the highest in newly-reclaimed young tea garden(3 years).After the conversion from forestland into teagarden,in 0—20 cm depth,the soil R0.25(water-stable aggregate>0.25 mm),mean weight diameter(MWD),geometric mean diameter(GWD),initial infiltration rate,average infiltration rate,stable infiltration rate,cumulative infiltration in 30 min and cumulative infiltration significantly decreased by 10.59%~19.38%,30.32%~65.60%,44.04%~72.08%,49.97%~76.62%,51.04%~73.90%,51.90%~55.66%,55.61%~78.82%and 59.65%~69.23%(P <0.05)respectively,and the fractal dimension(D)significantly increased by 4.61%~7.52%(P < 0.05).The soil R0.25,MWD,GWD,initial infiltration rate,average infiltration rate,stable infiltration rate,cumulative infiltration in 30 min and cumulative infiltration were in the order of forestland > 30 years-tea garden >newly-reclaimed young tea garden,and D varied as the opposite trend simultaneously.Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil infiltration properties in different plots had a extremely significant positive correlation with R0.25,MWD,GWD and>5 mm macro-aggregates,and a significant or extremely negative correlation with D,1~2,0.5~1,0.25~0.5 and<0.25 mm micro-aggregates.The eigenvalues of soil aggregate and infiltration capability(except the D)had extremely significant positive correlation with soil organic carbon,available nitrogen,available potassium,soil porosity and field capacity,and showed extremely significant negative correlation with soil bulk density,but not significant correlation with soil pH and available phosphorus.In summary,soil water-stable aggregate(especially the >5 mm macro-aggregates)contents were decreased dramatically after forestland converted into tea garden,consequently reducing the soil aggregates stability and also the soil infiltration capability.With the increasing tea plantation age,the soil organic carbon and available nutrients were also improved,which could increase the soil macro-aggregates content,leading to the improved soil aggregate and infiltration capability,but still not reach the level of forest.
