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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 中国小麦微核心种质籽粒铅、镉、锌积累差异性分析及低积累品种筛选 南京农业大学学报 2017,40 (3) 393-399
Position: Home > Articles > Differences of lead,cadmium and zinc accumulation among Chinese wheat mini-core collections germplasms and screening for low Pb,Cd and Zn accumulative cultivars in grains Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University 2017,40 (3) 393-399

中国小麦微核心种质籽粒铅、镉、锌积累差异性分析及低积累品种筛选

作  者：
陈亚茹;张巧凤;付必胜;蔡士宾;吴纪中;陈亚华
单  位：
南京农业大学生命科学学院;江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台
关键词：
重金属;小麦微核心种质;积累差异;品种筛选
摘  要：
[目的]本文旨在筛选籽粒重金属低积累型作物品种,以减少污染农田重金属进入食物链。[方法]采用重金属污染农田原位筛选方式,研究了261份小麦微核心种质的籽粒对重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)积累的差异。[结果]污染农田土壤Pb、Cd、Zn含量分别为449.2、2.4、532.9 mg·kg~(-1),均超过我国土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准(GB 15618—1995)。261个品种(品系)的小麦籽粒Pb、Cd、Zn的积累能力存在明显的差异性,其变幅分别为0.002~0.920、0.010~0.853、45.773~121.081mg·kg~(-1)。以GB 2762—2012和NY 861—2004的限量(Pb含量≤0.2 mg·kg~(-1)、Cd含量≤0.1 mg·kg~(-1)、Zn含量≤50 mg·kg~(-1))为评价标准,其中有92个小麦样品Pb超标,超标率为35.2%;Cd超标样品为251个,超标率达96.2%;Zn超标样品有254个,超标率达97.3%。[结论]13个Pb低积累品种(品系)(Pb含量低于0.020 mg·kg~(-1)):‘松蕊麦(四号)’‘云麦34’‘石家庄54’‘赤壳’‘本地黄花麦’‘托克逊1号’‘泰山1号’‘和尚麦’‘白蒲(落青)’‘早五天’‘钱交麦’‘他诺瑞’‘台中23’;10个Cd低积累品种(品系)(Cd含量小于0.1 mg·kg~(-1)):‘白条鱼’‘青春28’‘半截芒’‘红金包银’‘大粒半芒’‘碱麦’‘红冬麦’‘白齐头’‘托克逊1号’‘涿鹿冬麦’;6个Zn低积累品种(品系):‘红金包银’‘秃芒麦’‘日喀则8号’‘温麦6号’‘托克逊1号’‘红须麦’。其中‘托克逊1号’为Pb、Zn、Cd低积累品种。
译  名：
Differences of lead,cadmium and zinc accumulation among Chinese wheat mini-core collections germplasms and screening for low Pb,Cd and Zn accumulative cultivars in grains
作  者：
CHEN Yaru;ZHANG Qiaofeng;FU Bisheng;CAI Shibin;WU Jizhong;CHEN Yahua;College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University;Institute of Food Crops/Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation,Nanjing Agricultural University;
关键词：
heavy metal;;mini-core collections germplasms;;accumulation differences;;variety screening
摘  要：
[Objectives]This research aims at the selection of pollution-safe cultivars( PSC) as a practicable approach to minimizing the influx of heavy metal into the human food chain. [Methods]A field experiment was carried out to study the differences of lead,cadmium and zinc accumulation among the grains of Chinese mini-core collection germplasms. [Results]The contaminated farmland heavy metal contents were 449.2,2.4 and 532.9 mg·kg~(-1),for Pb,Cd and Zn,respectively,which were higher than GradeⅡof environmental quality standard for soil( GB 15618-1995).There was significant difference in heavy metal( Pb,Cd and Zn) concentration in grain among 261 wheat varieties( lines),whose were ranged with 0.002-0.920,0.010-0.853,45.773-121.081 mg·kg~(-1)for Pb,Cd and Zn,respectively. According to the standards on foods and products( GB 2762-2012) and( NY 861-2004),there were 92,251 and 254 wheat grain samples exceeding the standards for Pb,Cd and Zn,respectively,whose proportion were 35. 2%,96. 2% and97.3%. [Conclusions]Songruimai,Yunmai 34,Shijiazhuang 54,Chike,Bendihuanghuamai,Tuokexun 1,Taishan 1,Heshangmai,Baipu,Zaowutian,Qianjiaomai,Tanori,Taizhong 23 were Pb low-accumulation cultivars in the grain; Baitiaoyu,Qingchun 28,Banjiemang,Hongjinbaoyin,Dalibanmang,Jianmai,Hongdongmai,Baiqitou,Tuokexun 1,Zhuoludongmai were Cd low-accumulation cultivars; Hongjinbaoyin,Tumangmai,Rikeze 8,Wenmai 6,Tuokexun 1,Hongxumai were Zn low-accumulation cultivars; Among the tested cultivars,Tuokexun 1 had the lowest Pb,Cd and Zn accumulating abilities.

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