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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 机械收割对不同种植行距宿根蔗苗期生长的影响 南方农业学报 2012,43 (2) 108-112
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of mechanical harvesting on shoot growth of ratoon cane with different row spacing Journal of Southern Agriculture 2012,43 (2) 108-112

机械收割对不同种植行距宿根蔗苗期生长的影响

作  者：
秦培钊;罗艺;米超;陈超君;邝伟生;黄严;莫清贵;陆国盈;梁和
单  位：
广西大学农学院;武鸣县农业机械化技术推广服务站;南宁市农业技术推广站;南宁市农业机械化技术推广服务站
关键词：
机械收割;种植行距;宿根蔗;苗期;生长
摘  要：
【目的】筛选出适宜甘蔗机械收割的最佳行距,减少机械对甘蔗蔗蔸损伤及蔗田土壤环境的破坏,提高工作效率和经济效益。【方法】设置不同种植行距(1.0、1.1、1.2和1.3m)处理,每种处理分别采用机械收割和人工砍收两种收割方式,然后对不同处理机械收割后宿根蔗苗期地下芽生长情况、蔗蔸开裂程度、蔗株农艺性状和生理特征进行调查分析。【结果】机械收割对宿根蔗地下芽、蔗蔸开裂有一定影响,不同处理高位芽的死芽率比人工砍收高,但不影响宿根蔗发株,且死苗率低于人工砍收。+1叶叶片的叶绿素含量表现出机械收割比人工砍收高的趋势,但根系活力普遍比人工砍收低。在1.2m种植行距下,机械收割对蔗蔸开裂程度的影响最小,高位芽和低位芽死芽率低,宿根蔗苗期发株数最多,叶绿素含量与根系活力最高。【结论】机械收割增加了蔗蔸的开裂程度和上位芽的损伤程度,但对蔗蔸开裂程度的影响随行距加大逐渐变弱,对宿根蔗幼苗的生长影响不明显,也不影响宿根蔗发株;种植行距影响宿根蔗幼苗生长,生产上可采用1.2m的种植行距作为适宜甘蔗机械收割的最佳行距。
译  名：
Effect of mechanical harvesting on shoot growth of ratoon cane with different row spacing
作  者：
QIN Pei-zhao1,LUO Yi2,MI Chao2,CHEN Chao-jun2,KUANG Wei-sheng 1,HUANG Yan3,MO Qing-gui4,LU Guo-ying 2,LIANG He2 *(1 Nanning Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Nanning 530001,China;2 Agricultural College,Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China;3 Nanning Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station,Nanning 530001,China;4 Wuming Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station,Nanning 530100,China)
关键词：
mechanical harvesting;row spacing;ratoon cane;seedling stage;growth
摘  要：
[Objective]This experiment was aimed to find out the optimal row spacing for mechanically harvested in sugarcane plantations in order to decrease the damage to sugarcane stubble and plant-soil environment,and to improve harvesting efficiency and economic benefits.[Method] Different planting row spacing(1.0,1.1,1.2 and 1.3 m) was used in sugarcane planting and sugarcane was harvested manually as well as mechanically.After harvesting,the underground bud growth,cracking degree of sugarcane stubble and agronomic and physiological parameters were investigated at seedling stage.[Result]Data showed that mechanical harvesting impacted on underground buds of ratoon cane and sugarcane stubble cracking to some extent,in particular the mortality rate of upper buds was higher compared to that in manual harvesting.Sprouting of ratoon cane was not affected by mechanical harvesting.In mechanical harvesting treatment,chlorophyll content in leaf +1 was higher than those in manual harvesting,while root activity was generally lower in mechanical harvesting compared to that in manual harvesting.In mechanical harvesting treatment,the row spacing of 1.2 m influenced sugarcane stubble cracking most slightly and recorded low mortality rate of upper and lower buds,the highest number of sprouting,and high chlorophyll content and root activity.[Conclusion] Mechanical harvesting resulted in greater stubble cracking degree and higher damages to upper buds,however,both problems were reduced significantly with gradual increase in row spacing.The row spacing of 1.2 m was found suitable as it not only enhanced the efficiency of mechanical harvesting,but also improved the shoot growth of ratoon cane.

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