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Position: Home > Articles > The Molecular Basis of Holding the Feature and Genetic Purity for Maize Inbred Lines Crops 2018 (1) 41-48

玉米自交系性状保持和纯化的分子依据

作  者：
陆姗姗;吴承来;李岩;张春庆
单  位：
山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室
关键词：
玉米自交系;性状保持;SSR分子标记;SNP分子标记;自交系纯合度;自交系性状
摘  要：
研究玉米自交系繁殖过程中保种圃建立的理论和株系性状的选择依据对自交系性状的保持、保纯以及杂交种特性保持具有重要意义。利用3个不同纯度水平玉米自交系连续自交3代,在SSR水平上和SNP水平上检测玉米纯合度,并在S_2和S_3调查田间性状。利用不同初始纯合度的自交系建立保种圃应自交的代数。不同株系在SSR分子检测具有一致性的前提下,在SNP水平上仍然存在较高的杂合度,随初始纯合度升高自交纯合的效率减低,选择初始纯度高的材料有利于后代遗传位点的快速纯合。在田间选择自交系时,根据性状稳定性并结合自交代数依次进行。首先依据较易稳定纯合的群体目测性状;其次,数量性状中,果穗长、果穗直径、雄穗一级侧枝数、穗行数等可作为第二类依据的性状;最后,在自交高代选择穗位高/株高、行粒数、叶长、叶宽等较难稳定的性状。
译  名：
The Molecular Basis of Holding the Feature and Genetic Purity for Maize Inbred Lines
作  者：
Lu Shanshan;Wu Chenglai;Li Yan;Zhang Chunqing;College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology;
关键词：
Maize inbred lines;;Holding characteristics;;SSR molecular markers;;SNP molecular markers;;Gene homozygosis of inbred lines;;Inbred lines characteristics
摘  要：
How to hold the features of maize inbred lines and to improve the genetic purity of inbred lines are important to produce high quality parents and to maintain characteristics of hybrids. But so far, there was not any study on the molecular basis for building the breed-conservation nursery and selecting strains in the propagate process of inbred lines. Three samples of different genetic purity of maize inbred lines were used to survey field traits of generation S_2 and S_3, and to test the genetic homozygosity on the levels of SSR and SNP after successively inbreeding for three generations, to calculate the required generation number of inbreeding, and to set up the breed-conservation nursery by initial genetic allele homozygosity of inbred lines. The strains, which were uniform with the SSR molecular detection, had many heterozygous loci while detected using SNP maker. With the increase of initial homozygosity, the homozygous efficiency of genetic loci in selecting inbred strains declined. The strains with a higher initial genetic purity were helpful for the rapid homozygosis of genetic locus of progenies. While selecting phenotype characteristics, the characteristics belonging to quality traits and being easier to be homozygosis were selected first, some quantitative characters including the ear length, ear diameter, the number of lateral branches of the first-grade tassel, the number of ear row were selected secondly, and the characteristics which were relatively difficult to be steady, such as the ear height or plant height, the number of grains per row, leaf length, leaf width were selected thirdly in high-generation inbred lines.

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