作 者：
魏生贤;李明;季旭;林文贤;郑土逢;李国良;罗熙
单 位：
云南师范大学物理与电子信息学院;云南师范大学太阳能研究所
关键词：
几何光学;太阳能集热器;纵横比;优化;平板型集热器件;板间距
摘 要：
为减小平板集热器件边框对吸热板的遮光损失,该文应用几何光学基本原理建立了平板型集热器件平均有效吸热面积系数的数学模型。利用此模型对年均有效面积系数随集热器件纵横比、板间距、倾角、纬度的变化进行了详细分析。结果表明,年均有效面积系数随板间距的增大而减小,纵横比越大越明显;倾角小于15°或大于75°对集热器件平均有效面积系数都是不利的。为便于应用,文中给出了年均有效面积系数不小于0.90的临界板间距。鉴于对流热损失较小的合理板间距为4～6cm,该文拟推荐合理纵横比≤2/1,北纬20°、30°、40°、50°使用的平板集热器件最大板间距分别约为5.8、5.4、4.7、4.2cm,相应年均有效面积系数均大于0.90。在设计平板集热器件时,可参照该文研究结果,尽量达到对流热损失和遮光损失最小化。
译 名：
Aspect ratio and spacing optimization of a solar flat-plate collector unit
作 者：
Wei Shengxian1,2,Li Ming1,Ji Xu1,Lin Wenxian1,Zheng Tufeng3,Li Guoliang3,Luo Xi1 (1. Solar Energy Research Institute,Yunnan Normal University,Kunmin 650092,China;2. College of Physics and Electric Engineering,Qujing Normal University,Qujing 655011,China;3. School of Physics and Electronic Information,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650092,China)
关键词：
geometrical optics,solar collectors,aspect ratio,optimization,flat-plate collector unit,plate spacing
摘 要：
To reduce shading-loss by sidewalls of a flat-plate collector unit,the mathematic model of mean effective heat-absorption area coefficient was built by using geometric optics. The variations of annual mean effective area coefficient with aspect ratio(AR) ,spacing,tilt angle,and latitude were analyzed using this model. The results show that the mean effective area coefficient decreases as the spacing increase;especially for larger AR. It is adverse to improve the mean effective area coefficient when the tilt angle is less than 15° or greater than 75°. For convenient applied in practice,critical spacing values are given with over 0.90 of annual mean effective area coefficient. In view of the reasonable spacing of 4–6 cm for smaller convective heat-loss,the reasonable AR≤2/1 and the maximum plate spacing of 5.8,5.4,4.7 and 4.2 cm are recommended for a collector unit used in 20° N,30° N,40° N and 50° N regions. The corresponding annual effective area coefficients are greater than 0.90. In the design stages of the flat-plate collector unit,the convective heat-loss and shading-loss can be minimized based on the results of this work.
