作 者：
林志玮;林志玮;涂伟豪;涂伟豪;洪宇;洪宇;黄嘉航;黄嘉航;刘金福;刘金福
单 位：
福建农林大学林学院;福建农林大学计算机与信息学院;福建省高校生态与资源统计重点实验室
关键词：
自然保护区;物种分布;最优化算法;功能分区
摘 要：
科学合理的自然保护区功能分区有利物种长期生存繁衍和自然保护区的管理。现阶段的自然保护区功能分区方法中没有考虑自然保护区的空间特性和生物多样性的保护效益,尚未形成一套系统的保护区分区模型。为此,本研究基于Maxent模型模拟珍稀物种的分布,提出基于网络流的保护区功能分区模型,划分出一个连续和紧实的自然保护区功能区,同时考虑保护区保护效益最大化。为验证模型的可行性,将泉州湾河口湿地自然保护区划分为5 969个候选单元,以珍稀水生动物为保护对象,选出方格的最优组合作为自然保护区规划结果,并结合原保护区提出保护区优化方案。模型规划核心区和缓冲区具有连续性和紧实性,且核心区被缓冲区所包围,其中,核心区选中491个候选单元,其生境总适宜值远高于原保护区;结合原保护区进行优化,以原保护区为中心,向正东方向拓展,核心区候选单元数拓展至614个,缓冲区候选单元数为184个。研究设计了新的功能分区整数规划模型,结合泉州湾河口湿地自然保护区提出新的优化建议,由原保护区向正东方向拓展,覆盖珍稀水生动物的集中区域,有效保护珍稀水生动物及其生境,为我国自然保护区功能分区理论和实践提供新的思路。
译 名：
Optimal design of functional zoning of nature reserves based multiple spatial characteristics
作 者：
LIN Zhiwei;TU Weihao;HONG Yu;HUANG Jiahang;LIU Jinfu;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;College of Computer and Information Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;Key Laboratory for Ecology and Resource Statistics of Fujian Province;
关键词：
nature reserve;;species distribution;;optimization algorithm;;functional zoning
摘 要：
Using scientific and rational methods to design nature reserve functional zoning is useful for the long-term survival and reproduction of species and the management of nature reserves. Currently,the spatial characteristics of nature reserves and the conservation benefits of biodiversity are not considered in the methodologies of functional zoning of nature reserves. Systematic methods to design nature reserve functional zoning have not been established. Therefore,in this study,the Maxent model is applied to simulate the distribution of rare species and is used to design a nature reserve's functional zoning based on the model of network flow to form a continuous and compact nature reserve functional zoning. The network flow model aims to maximize the protection benefits of protected areas. To verify the feasibility of the proposed model,we divided the Quanzhou Bay Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve into 5 969 grids and selected the optimal combination of grids that would result in a nature reserve designed for rare aquatic animals. This process was associated with the original reserve area to create an optimization plan for the reserve. The model generated the core and buffer zones with continuity and compactness and ensured the core area was surrounded by the buffer zone. The model selected 491 grids as the core area,which had high habitat quality compared to the original reserve area. For optimal results,the model associated the selected core area with the original reserve area,taking the original core area as the center and selecting the grids from the east. The number of core grids was extended to 614,along with 184 buffer grids. This study designed a new integer planning model with functional zoning,and it considered the Quanzhou Bay Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve and proposed a new optimal configuration. The reserve was extended from the original reserve to the east,which covered the concentrated area of rare aquatic animals. The designed reserve can efficiently protect the rare aquatic animals and their habitat. The proposed method provides new ideas for the theory and practice of nature reserve functional zoning.
