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RNA干扰技术及其应用

作  者:
凌宗帅;刘友清;潘学昌;周长桥;魏联果
单  位:
青岛出入境检验检疫局;山东大学生命科学院;济南出入境检验检疫局
关键词:
RNA干扰;转录后基因沉默;小干扰RNA;RNA诱导的沉默复合物
摘  要:
RNA干扰 ( RNA interference,RNAi)是正常生物体内抑制特定基因表达的一种现象 ,它是指当细胞中导入与内源性 m RNA编码区同源的双链 RNA( double stranded RNA,ds RNA )时 ,该 m RNA发生降解而导致基因表达沉默的现象 ,这种现象发生在转录后水平 ,又称为转录后基因沉默 ( post-transcriptional genesilencing,PTGS)。外源 ds RNA进入细胞后产生的小分子干扰 RNA( small interfering RNA,si RNA)的反义链和多种核酸酶形成了沉默复合物 ( RNA-induced silencing com plex,RISC) ,RISC具有结合和切割 m RNA的作用而介导RNA干扰的过程。 RNAi具有特异性和高效性。这种技术已经成为研究基因功能的重要工具 ,并将在病毒病、遗传性疾病和肿瘤病的治疗方面发挥重要作用
译  名:
RNA Interference and its Application
作  者:
LING Zong-shuai~1,LIU You-qing~1,PAN Xue-chang~1,ZHOU Chang-qiao~2,WEI Lian-guo~3 (1.Jinan Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau ,Jinan,Shandong,250014,China; 2.Qingdao Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau ,Qingdao,Shandong,266000,China; 3.Life Science School of Shandong University,Jinan,Shandong,250014,China)
关键词:
RNA interference;post-transcriptional gene silencing;small interfering RNA;RNA-induced silencing complex
摘  要:
A new phenomenon-RNA interference(RNAi) has been observed in many organisms recently, including eukaryote and prokaryote. When Double-stranded RNA(dsRNA) is introduced into cell, it would be decomposed to small interfering RNA(siRNA), and RNA-induced silencing complex(RISC) is formed out of siRNA and several enzymes. RISC can combine with mRNA and incise it, then the mRNA is disintegrated and the expression of gene is inhibited. The phenomenon is also called the sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing(PTGS), and the process is charactered by high efficiency and peculiarity. RNAi has played an important role in the research of genic functions, and may yield RNA-based drugs to treat diseases,such as virus and tumor and genetc diseases.

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