关键词：
澜沧江流域;退耕还林;土壤抗冲性;理化性质;微生物
摘 要：
以耕地为对照,对澜沧江流域山地6种退耕还林模式的土壤抗冲性及其影响因素进行分析,以便为该地区退耕还林工程建设的树种选择与搭配提供理论依据。结果表明,退耕还林显著提高了土壤抗冲性,且土壤抗冲性随退耕还林年限增加而增强,退耕还林5a不同退耕还林模式的土壤抗冲性强弱总体表现为思茅松+西南桦>思茅松>西南桦>核桃>桉树>茶树,退耕还林9a表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>桉树>茶树。退耕还林显著增加了林分凋落物现储量和根量,退耕还林5a林分凋落物现储量表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>桉树>茶树,退耕还林9a表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>核桃>思茅松>桉树>茶树;根量总体上表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>桉树>茶树。退耕还林显著增加土壤微生物数量,不同模式土壤微生物数量均表现为细菌>真菌>放线菌,细菌、放线菌和总微生物数量均表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>桉树>茶树,真菌数量表现为思茅松>思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>核桃>桉树>茶树。退耕还林改善土壤理化性质效果显著,土壤有机质含量表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>桉树>茶树;土壤CEC总体表现为思茅松+西南桦>思茅松>西南桦>核桃>茶树>桉树;土壤团聚体含量表现为思茅松+西南桦>西南桦>思茅松>核桃>茶树>桉树;土壤总孔隙度表现为思茅松+西南桦>思茅松>西南桦>核桃>茶树>桉树;土壤容重表现为思茅松+西南桦<西南桦<思茅松<核桃<茶树<桉树。综上,思茅松+西南桦、西南桦和思茅松3种乔灌草模式改良土壤效果好,土壤抗冲性能强。
译 名：
Study on Soil Anti-scourability under Different Converting Cropland into Forest Patterns
作 者：
SU Cheng-xi;SHANG Yu-nan;Puer University;
关键词：
Lancang River Basin;;returning farmland to forest;;soil anti-scourability;;physiochemical properties;;microorganism
摘 要：
The soil anti-scourability and its influencing factors of six returning farmland to forest modes were analyzed with arable land as control in Lancang River Basin,so as to provide the theoretical basis for the selection and match of plant species for the returning farmland to forest construction.The results showed that the soil anti-scourability was improved significantly after returning farmland to forest,and increased with the forest age.The soil anti-scourability order was Pinus kesiya + Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>Betula alnoides>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree when the forest age was five years,and Pinus kesiya +Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree when the forest age was nine years.The forest litter amount and root biomass increased significantly respectively after returning farmland to forest.The forest litter amount order was Pinus kesiya +Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree when the forest age was five years,and Pinus kesiya +Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>walnut>Pinus kesiya>Eucalyptus>tea tree when the forest age was nine years;on the whole,the root biomass order was Pinus kesiya+Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree.The quantity of soil microorganism increased significantly after returning farmland to forest,the order was bacteria>fungi>actinomycete.The order of bacteria,actinomycete and microbe number was Pinus kesiya + Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree,the order of fungi number was Pinus kesiya>Pinus kesiya +Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree.The soil physical and chemical properties were improved significantly after returning farmland to forest,the order of soil organic matter content was Pinus kesiya + Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>Eucalyptus>tea tree,the orders of soil CEC and total porosity were Pinus kesiya +Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>Betula alnoides>walnut>tea tree>Eucalyptus,the order of soil aggregate content was Pinus kesiya + Betula alnoides>Betula alnoides>Pinus kesiya>walnut>tea tree>Eucalyptus,and the order of soil bulk density was Pinus kesiya + Betula alnoides
