单 位：
独山县国有林场;贵州大学林学院/贵州省森林资源与环境研究中心/贵州省高原山地林木培育重点实验室
关键词：
棕榈;SRAP分子标志;遗传多样性;遗传分化;空间分布格局;贵州省
摘 要：
【目的】研究贵州省棕榈资源的遗传多样性及遗传结构,揭示其分布格局与变异趋势,为贵州省棕榈种质资源保护及开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】基于SRAP分子标记对贵州省7个农业气候区的26个棕榈种源328份材料进行扩增,经Qsep 100全自动核酸蛋白分析仪电泳分析后,利用Popgene 1.32和NTSYS-pc 2.1计算主要遗传多样性参数及进行种源聚类分析。【结果】贵州省棕榈遗传多样性丰富,其种级水平上的多态性条带百分率(PPB)为97.31%,观测等位基因数(Na)为1.9731、有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4717、Nei?s基因多样度(H)为0.2689、Shannon?s信息指数(I)为0.4212,但在种源水平上遗传多样性差异明显。贵州省26个棕榈种源间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.3305,即种源内变异是贵州省棕榈资源遗传变异的主要来源。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,在阈值为0.91时,26个棕榈种源可分成四大类,其遗传分化与地理环境有一定相关性。Mantel检验结果显示,贵州省棕榈资源遗传分化与其地理距离呈正相关(r=0.2651),但相关性不显著(P>0.05)。贵州省7个农业气候区内的棕榈资源基因流(Nm)均大于贵州省棕榈种源Nm(1.0129),说明小区域内的棕榈资源基因交流频繁。【结论】贵州省棕榈种质资源总体遗传多样性高,种源间分化较明显,选择育种潜力巨大。为更好地开发利用棕榈资源,应结合其遗传结构特点,实行就地保护为主及建设种质资源库为补充的保护策略。
译 名：
Genetic diversity of Trachycarpus fortunei(Hook.)H. Wendl germplasm resources in Guizhou by SRAP molecular markers analysis
作 者：
MAO Yue-xiong;LU Yue-tang;HU Zhi-jiao;ZHAO Yang;College of Forestry,Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Forest Resources and Environment Research Center/Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province;Dushan State Forest Farm;
关键词：
Trachycarpus fortunei(Hook.)H.Wendl;;SRAP molecular marker;;genetic diversity;;genetic differentiation;;spatial distribution pattern;;Guizhou
摘 要：
【Objective】The study on genetic diversity and genetic structure of Trachycarpus fortunei(Hook.)H. Wendl resources in Guizhou,revealed its distribution pattern and variation trend,and provided scientific basis for the protection,development and utilization of T. fortunei germplasm resources in Guizhou.【Method】Based on SRAP molecular markers,328 materials from 26 T. fortunei provenances in 7 agroclimatic regions of Guizhou were amplified. After electrophoresis analysis by Qsep 100 automatic nucleic acid protein analyzer,Popgene 1.32 and NTSYS-pc 2.1 were used to calculate the main genetic diversity parameters and perform the provenances clustering analysis.【Result】The genetic diversity of T.fortunei in Guizhou was rich,the percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB)was 97.31% at species level,the observed alleles(Na)was 1.9731,effective alleles(Ne)was 1.4717,Nei's gene diversity index(H)was 0.2689,and Shannon's information index(I)was 0.4212,but there were significant differences in genetic diversity at the provenance level. The genetic diversity(Dst)among the 26 T. fortunei provenances in Guizhou was 0.3305,which revealed that intra-provenance variation was the main source of genetic variation of T. fortunei resources in Guizhou. The UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the 26 T. fortunei provenances could be divided into four categories at the threshold of 0.91,and their genetic differentiation was related to the geographical environment. The Mantel test showed that there was a positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographical distance(r=0.2651)in Guizhou,but the correlation was not significant(P>0.05). The gene flow(Nm)of T. fortunei resources in seven agroclimatic regions of Guizhou was larger than that of T.fortunei species in Guizhou(1.0129),indicated that gene exchange of T. fortunei resources was frequent in small areas.【Conclusion】T. fortunei germplasm resources of Guizhou have high genetic diversity,large differentiation between provenances,and huge potential of selection and breeding. In order to exploit and utilize T. fortunei resources better,combining with its genetic structure characteristics,the conservation strategy is put forward,which is mainly in situ conservation and supplemented by the construction of germplasm resource bank.
