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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 西安市护城河沉积物重金属形态、污染及潜在生态风险 干旱区研究 2015,32 (6) 1255-1262
Position: Home > Articles > Speciation,Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals of Sediment in the Moat of Xi'an City Arid Zone Research 2015,32 (6) 1255-1262

西安市护城河沉积物重金属形态、污染及潜在生态风险

作  者：
徐雪;王利军;卢新卫;邝谦;李雨霞
单  位：
陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院
关键词：
重金属;形态;污染;生态风险;沉积物;护城河;西安
摘  要：
采集西安市护城河沉积物样品,分析其中重金属含量和形态,并对其污染水平和生态风险进行分析。结果表明:沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Mn、Co、Ni、Cr、As和Hg平均含量分别是138.70、153.24、424.86、614.47、78.36、81.53、123.36、20.01μg·g-1和6.55μg·g-1,高于中国水系沉积物背景值和陕西省土壤背景值,尤其是Cu、Pb、Zn、Co和Hg。沉积物中,Cu主要以可氧化态存在,Pb主要以可还原态存在,Ni、Cr和Co主要以残余态存在,Zn主要以乙酸可提取态和可还原态存在,Mn平均分布在乙酸可提取态、残余态及可氧化态中,重金属的迁移为:Zn(83.53%)>Cu(75.09%)≈Pb(74.54%)>Co(64.93%)>Mn(62.31%)>Ni(47.50%)>Cr(45.89%)。沉积物中,Mn未污染,Cr和As为轻度污染,Cu、Pb、Ni和Zn属于偏中度污染,Co处于中度污染,Hg达到严重污染。根据调整后的生态风险分级标准,护城河沉积物重金属总的潜在生态风险达到严重水平,重金属生态风险系数为:Hg>Co≈Cu>Pb>As>Ni>Zn>Cr>Mn,Hg达到严重生态危害,其他重金属处于低等生态危害。
译  名：
Speciation,Pollution and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals of Sediment in the Moat of Xi'an City
作  者：
XU Xue;WANG Li-jun;LU Xin-wei;KUANG Qian;LI Yu-xia;College of Tourism and Environment,Shaanxi Normal University;
关键词：
heavy metals;;speciation;;pollution;;ecological risk;;sediment;;moat;;Xi'an
摘  要：
The content and speciation of heavy metals in sediment samples collected from the moat of Xi'an city were studied. In the meantime,the pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment were analyzed.The results showed that the mean concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Mn,Co,Ni,Cr,As and Hg in sediment were138. 70,153. 24,424. 86,614. 47,78. 36,81. 53,123. 36,20. 01 μg·g-1and 6. 55 μg·g-1,respectively.They were higher than China Stream Sediment Background Values and Shaanxi Soil Background Values,especially for Cu,Pb,Zn,Co and Hg. In sediment,Cu was rich in the oxidable form,Pb mainly existed in the reducible form,Ni,Cr and Co were dominated by the residue form,Zn was controlled by the acetic acid extractable form and the reducible form,Mn distributed in the acetic acid extractable form,residual form and oxidable form averagely.The movement order of heavy metals was Zn( 83. 53%) > Cu( 75. 09%) ≈ Pb( 74. 54%) > Co( 64. 93%) >Mn( 62. 31%) > Ni( 47. 50%) > Cr( 45. 89%). In sediment,Mn presented no pollution,Cr and As were slight pollution,Cu,Co,Pb,Ni and Zn belonged to moderate pollution level,Hg reached to severe pollution level. According to the adjusted classification standard of the potential ecological index,the total ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment reached to the serious level. The order of ecological risk coefficient for heavy metals was Hg >Co ≈ Cu > Pb > As > Ni > Zn > Cr > Mn,among of them,Hg arrived at the severe harm and other metals belonged to the low harm.

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