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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 中缅边境地区果园配置作物调研分析与实践 中国农学通报 2016,32 (30) 120-126
Position: Home > Articles > Interplanting in Ecological High Value Orchards in Sino-Burma Border Area Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2016,32 (30) 120-126

中缅边境地区果园配置作物调研分析与实践

作  者：
王攀磊;郭玉蓉;潘艳华;朱红业;曾莉;刘红明;李进学;岳建强;高俊燕
单  位：
云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所;云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所
关键词：
中缅边境;果园;套种;牧草;作物
摘  要：
中缅边境地区果园种植区以山地和丘陵为主,由于夏季多雨而春冬季干旱等季节性问题突出,果园内水土流失严重,套种牧草、作物是有效缓解水土流失问题的主要途径。为此,通过查阅文献、调研、试验实践的方式,就滇西南、滇东南地区果园牧草、一般经济作物的套种情况进行了分析比较,从产量、产值、覆盖度及水土保持效应等方面分析比较了不同牧草、一般经济作物的套种效果。结果表明:在中缅边境地区果园内,可套种的牧草种质资源丰富,套种豆科、禾本科牧草的混播产量产值最高,鲜重产量达79000~83000 kg/hm~2,产值13500~42000元/hm~2,均高于豆科、禾本科及菊科牧草单种;套种作物以小米辣、毛豆、生姜为主,经济效益在7500~36000元/hm~2之间,其中以套种生姜的效益最高。总体来看,在中缅边境地区果园内套种牧草以豆科、禾本科混播效益最佳,而套种牧草的经济、生态综合效益优于套种作物,因此推荐豆科、禾本科牧草混播的套种模式。
译  名：
Interplanting in Ecological High Value Orchards in Sino-Burma Border Area
作  者：
Wang Panlei;Guo Yurong;Pan Yanhua;Zhu Hongye;Zeng Li;Liu Hongming;Li Jinxue;Yue Jianqiang;Gao Junyan;Institute of Agricultural Environment & Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Songming, Ministry of Agriculture;Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science;
关键词：
Sino-Burma border area;;orchard;;interplanting;;forage;;crop
摘  要：
Since planting fruit trees on the mountainous or hilly lands is the most common land-using approachin Sino-Burma border area, the soil erosion is serious because of summer rains and winter spring drought. Apossible solution to the problem of soil erosion is the interplanting of fruit trees with forages and grain crops.Therefore, the situation of interplanting of forages and general economic crops in southwest Yunnan andsoutheast Yunnan was analyzed and compared by literature review, investigation and experiments. Theinterplanting effects were studied from the aspects of yield, output value, coverage and effect of water and soilconservation. The results showed that in Sino- Burma border orchards, the forage germplasm resources forinterplanting were rich. The yields and output value of interplanting leguminous and gramineae were thehighest, and the fresh yield was 79000-83000 kg/hm~2, the output value was 13500-42000 yuan/hm~2, whichwere higher than those of leguminous, gramineae and compositae. Interplanting crops were mainly capsicum,bean, ginger, and the economic benefit was 7500- 36000 yuan/hm~2. Interplanting ginger had the highesteconomic benefit. In conclusion, the interplanting of leguminous and gramineae in Sino- Burma borderorchards had the best benefit, and the interplanting of forages had better economic and ecological benefit thanthe interplanting of crops.

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