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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 温度对赤眼蜂的发育和羽化的影响 昆虫学报 1984,27 (1) 28-38
Position: Home > Articles > INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND EMERGENCE OF TRICHOGRAMMA SPP. Acta Entomologica Sinica 1984,27 (1) 28-38

温度对赤眼蜂的发育和羽化的影响

作  者：
张英健
单  位：
江苏省盐城地区农科所
关键词：
拟澳洲赤眼蜂;舟蛾赤眼蜂;温度对发育和羽化的影响
摘  要：
赤眼蜂的生长发育温度大致为10—35℃,可区分为全期正常发育温度(16—33℃);部分虫期发育温度(10—11℃);全期发育阀限温度(12—15°及34—35.5℃)。全期正常发育温度尚可划出发育适温区(20—30℃)及最适温区(24—26℃)。在适温及最适温区,赤眼蜂的发育速率随温度的升高而稳步上升。拟澳洲赤眼蜂温度每增长5℃,发育速率增长21—23％。在最适温区或适温区下繁殖,生长发育最好,羽化率最高。在适温区以外,赤眼蜂的生长发育较大幅度地向不利方向变化,发育时间延长,发育速率减慢。赤眼蜂个体发育所需的时间十分悬殊,影响因素有接蜂时间、寄生量、卵粒大小及质量以及气候环境等。拟澳洲赤眼蜂的发育始点为10.6℃,有效积温为157日度;舟蛾赤眼蜂为9.6℃及176日度。 赤眼蜂群体羽化的时间,在自然环境下以日间为多,并受光线的影响常在晨间形成羽化高蜂。在适温下群体羽化的时间-数量关系呈主蜂前移的波形曲线。群体羽化过程一般常有三个明显的周期,形成三个羽化高峰;同一群体,每一周期的羽化高峰,在时间上常有同步现象。有97％以上的个体在三个羽化周期内完成羽化。第一周期内羽化的个体是群体中生活力最强的个体。
译  名：
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND EMERGENCE OF TRICHOGRAMMA SPP.
作  者：
ZHANG YING-JIAN (Yanchen Institute of Agricultural Research)
关键词：
Influence of temperature on development and emergence-Trichogram-ma confusum-Trichogramma closterae.
摘  要：
This paper deals with the influence of temperature on the development and emergence of Trichogramma spp. For T. confusum and T. closterae, the temperature for development ranges from 15° to 35℃, the suitable temperature lies between 20° and 30℃ and the optimal temperature is about 24° to 26℃ . In the suitable temperature range the duration of development is inversely related to the rise of temperature. It is advisable to propagate Tri-chogramma in the optimal temperature where wasps with higher vitality and fecundity can be obtained.The developmental threshold of T. confusum parasitizing the eggs of Corcyra cephalo-nica is 11.6℃ and the thermal sum of development is 152 day-degrees. The developmental threshold of T. closterae is 10.5℃ and the thermal sum of development is 172 day-degreess. The number of parasites in the host egg, the kind and quality of the host eggs and the ambient temperature are the factors influencing the rate of development of Trichogramma.In natural condition the adult wasps usually emerge in the day time; this process is influenced by increasing tensity of light and emergence peaks in the morning. The relation between the time of emergence of the population during the whole period and the number of wasps emerging forms a curve with the highest peak at the beginning which is followed by two other peaks in decending order. Nearly 97% of the emerged population would be included in these three peaks. Individuals emerging in the first peak have higher vitality and fecundity.

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