摘 要：
近年研究发现,以胞外电子受体(铁锰氧化物)代替亚硝酸盐,在以铵离子为唯一电子供体的条件下驯化,可以氧化铵离子同步实现金属离子的还原,这种兼具"厌氧氨氧化"和"铁还原"特点的生物化学过程,称为铁氨氧化.在本质上,铁氨氧化是微生物催化氨氧化耦合铁还原的生物反应过程.在微生物生态学领域,铁氨氧化过程作为一种新型的观点,是地球生态系统氮素循环的重要途径,这种观点对于理解地球化学元素诸如驱动地球上微小动植物生长的氮和铁的循环有重要作用,然而目前还很少关于铁氨氧化过程的理论研究,本文总结了铁氨氧化的发现历程,阐述了铁氨氧化过程的电子传递机制及其影响因素,从氮循环、铁循环和胞外电子呼吸等方面详细论述了铁氨氧化过程在生态学方面的意义,并指出了铁氨氧化的研究方向以及重点.
译 名：
Feammox: a novel anammox process and ecological significance
作 者：
ZHONG Xiaojuan;WANG Yajun;TANG Jiahuan;ZHANG Luan;ZHOU Shungui;College of Resource and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University;
关键词：
Feammox;;nitrogen cycle;;iron cycle;;extracellular respiration
摘 要：
Recent studies found that when ammonium was used as the sole electron donor and electrode or Fe/Mn-oxide were used as electron acceptor rather than nitrite,ammonia oxidation and metal reduction simultaneously occurred. This kind of biochemical process,caused by microbes driving electron flow that couples ammonia oxidation with iron reduction,is named Feammox. Feammox process presents novel viewpoints in the field of microbial ecology that are different from existing theory that has been held for long time. The novel viewpoints could have very significant effects on the understanding of ways in which geochemical cycles of elements such as N,and iron that are driven by microorganisms on the earth. However,so far only a few technologies have been used to study the theory and effect of Feammox process. In this review,the whole development of Feammox process was firstly summarized,together with its electron transfer mechanism and affecting factors. The ecological significance of Feammox process was discussed from multiple views and aspects,including nitrogen cycle,iron cycle and extracellular respiration. Further directions are also addressed.
