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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 高温对陆地棉花粉萌发及棉铃发育的影响 新疆农业大学学报 2017 (1) 1-7
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Germination and Boll Development in Upland Cotton Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University 2017 (1) 1-7

高温对陆地棉花粉萌发及棉铃发育的影响

作  者：
胡启瑞;宋桂成;王雪姣;吉春容;唐灿明
单  位：
江苏省农业科院粮食作物研究所;南京农业大学;新疆农业气象台
关键词：
棉花;高温;花粉萌发率;结铃率
摘  要：
为研究高温对棉花花粉活性及蕾期花粉发育的影响,明确花粉萌发的适宜温度,探究花粉萌发率与结铃率和铃重的关系以及花药抗氧化酶活性与品种耐热性之间的联系。选择陆地棉耐热和感热品种,现蕾期至开花期用花粉离体培养法将花粉培养于26、28、30、32、34、36℃等6个温度下检测花粉萌发率,并同时挂牌标记当日开放的花朵,待吐絮后收获棉铃,统计结铃率和铃重。结果表明,不同温度培养下,花粉离体萌发率不同,30℃是花粉萌发的最适宜温度,相比当日高温对花粉活性的影响,蕾期花粉发育阶段对高温过程更敏感,蕾期遭受10d高温会阻碍花粉发育,导致花粉萌发率下降,花粉活性会影响棉花结铃率和铃重。高温期花药中POD、CAT和APX 3种酶活性升高,高温期POD、CAT和APX等含量越高的品种(系)其耐热较强,棉花抗高温逆境的能力与抗氧化酶活性的高低相关联。
译  名：
Effects of High Temperature on Pollen Germination and Boll Development in Upland Cotton
作  者：
HU Qi-rui;SONG Gui-cheng;WANG Xue-jiao;JI Chun-rong;TANG Can-ming;Xinjiang Agricultural Meteorological Station;Nanjing Agricultural University;Institute of Food Crops,Jiangsu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
cotton;;high temperature;;pollen grain germination percentage;;boll setting rate
摘  要：
This study aims to study the effect of high temperature on pollen activity and pollen development in boll stage,make clear the appropriate temperature of pollen germination,explore the germination rate and study the relationship between pollen germination rate,the boll setting rate and boll weight,and the relationship between the antioxidant enzyme activity in anther and heat tolerance.Heat tolerance and heat sensibility upland cotton varieties were selected,and their pollen were cultured in vitro at 26℃,28℃,30℃,32℃,34℃and 36℃from bud stage to flowering stage.And the flowers which were used for determining pollen germination percentage were labeled at the same stage.The labeled flowers of heat-tolerance and-sensitive cultivars were used to determine boll setting rate and boll weight after harvesting.The results showed that the culture temperatures of pollen germination in vitro were significantly different.30℃was the optimum temperature for pollen germination.Pollen of bud stage was more sensitive to high temperature compared with the effect of diurnal high temperature on pollen grains vigor.High temperature of ten days during the period of boll development would hinder the pollen development,resulting in decrease of pollen germination percentage.Pollen vigor would affect the cotton yield and boll setting rate.The enzyme activity of POD,CAT and APX of anther during high temperature period increased.The cultivar(lines)with higher contents of POD,CAT and APX had stronger heat tolerance.The ability of the upland cotton to resist high temperature stress was related to the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

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