作 者：
李永飞;张海宇;张战胜;陈永伟;康建宏;吴宏亮
关键词：
春小麦;叶面喷氮;花后高温;转录组;蛋白组
摘 要：
[目的]探究叶面喷施氮素缓解花后高温导致的春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)早衰的分子机理.[方法]采用单因素对比试验,设春小麦花后高温前叶面喷氮(D20)和不喷氮(CK)2个处理,喷氮后在人工气候室中进行高温(35±2)℃处理,连续处理3 d,时间为9:00-17:00,高温结束后开始取样,测定高温处理后春小麦旗叶可溶性糖、淀粉含量及淀粉酶活性,并对春小麦旗叶进行转录组、蛋白组测序分析.[结果]高温处理后,D20处理春小麦旗叶的可溶性糖、直链和支链淀粉含量及淀粉酶活性均显著高于CK.转录组和蛋白质组联合分析表明,与CK相比,D20处理春小麦旗叶中共鉴定出3441个差异基因(Differential expressed genes, DEGs)和150个差异蛋白(Differential expressed proteins, DEPs),其中相关联的差异因子23个,包括13个上调基因和10个下调基因及8个上调蛋白质和15个下调蛋白质.在基因和蛋白水平上有16个因子表达一致,包括7个上调因子和9个下调因子.GO和KEGG富集发现,在基因和蛋白水平上,春小麦硫胺素代谢、蔗糖淀粉代谢和苯丙烷类生物合成均上调表达.春小麦的THI1和bglx基因上调表达,硫胺素、可溶性糖、香豆素和木质素含量增加,抗逆性增强.对表达趋势一致的春小麦旗叶基因和蛋白的差异基因进行实时定量PCR,结果与转录组分析一致,差异基因在两者中均上调表达.[结论]春小麦花后高温处理前喷氮可调控硫胺素代谢、蔗糖淀粉代谢和苯丙烷类生物合成相关基因和蛋白的表达模式,从而缓解花后高温造成的早衰,提高春小麦产量.
译 名：
Regulatory mechanism of nitrogen management in alleviating high-temperature premature aging in wheat through combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome
单 位：
College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
关键词：
Spring wheat%Foliar nitrogen spray%High temperature after anthesis%Transcriptome%Proteome
摘 要：
[Objective]Thestudy wasconducted to explorethemolecular mechanismoffoliar applicationofnitrogento alleviatethepremature senescence of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)caused by high temperature after anthesis.[Method]A single factor comparative experi-ment was conducted.Two treatments were set up:foliar spraying nitrogen(D20)and no n-spraying nitrogen(CK)before high temperature after anthesis of spring wheat.After spraying nitrogen,high temperature(35+2)C treatment was carried out for 3 consecutive days,and the time was 9:00-17:00.After the high temperature treatment,the soluble sugar,starch content and amylase activity of spring wheat flag leaves were measured,and the transcriptome and proteome of spring wheat flag leaves were sequenced.[Result]After high temperature treatment,the soluble sugar,amylose and amylopectin content and amylase activity of spring wheat flag leaf in D20 treatment were significantly higher than those in CK.The combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome showed that compared with CK,a total of 3441 diferentially ex-pressed genes(DEGs)and 150 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were identified in the flag leaves of spring wheat under D20 treat-ment,including 23 associated differential factors,including 13 up-regulated genes and 10 down-regulated genes and 8 up-regulated proteins and 15 down-regulated proteins.There were 16 factors with consistent expression at the gene and protein levels,including 7 up-regulated fac-tors and 9 down-regulated factors.GO and KEGG enrichment found that thiamine metabolism,sucrose starch metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were up-regulated at the gene and protein levels.TH and bglx were up-regulated,thiamine content,soluble sugar,coumarin and lignin content were increased,and plant stress resistance was enhanced.Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on the differentially ex-pressed genes of flag leaf genes and proteins in spring wheat with the same expression trend.The results were consistent with transcriptome a-nalysis,and the differentially expressed genes were up-regulated in both.[Conclusion]Spraying nitrogen before high temperature treatment af-ter anthesis of spring wheat can regulate the expression patterns of genes and proteins related to thiamine metabolism,sucrose starch metabo-lism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,thereby alleviating premature senescence caused by high temperature after anthesis and increasing spring wheat yield.
