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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 驼背鲈肾脏显微和超微结构观察 中国水产科学 2008,15 (5) 773-778
Position: Home > Articles > Structural observation on kidney of high finned grouper,Cromileptes altivelis Valencienne Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 2008,15 (5) 773-778

驼背鲈肾脏显微和超微结构观察

作  者：
蔡文超;区又君
单  位：
中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所
关键词：
驼背鲈;肾脏;显微结构;超微结构
摘  要：
利用石蜡切片技术和透射电镜技术对驼背鲈(Cromileptes altivelis Valencienne)肾脏进行显微和超微结构观察。结果显示,驼背鲈肾小体主要分布于肾脏组织背侧肾细胞集中的区域,肾脏组织腹侧主要分布有肾小管,这种分布区域性较强,提示驼背鲈的进化地位较为高等。根据驼背鲈肾小管上皮细胞的结构特点,将其划分为颈段、第一近曲小管、第二近曲小管、远曲小管和集合管5个部分。驼背鲈肾小体长径平均55.0μm,短径平均45.8μm。肾小囊中分布有较多的足细胞,足突发达,对于原尿的形成起重要作用。由肾小管超微结构显示,第二近曲小管重吸收作用最强。驼背鲈肾脏的组织学研究结果为开展其泌尿功能及渗透调节机制研究提供了基础资料。
译  名：
Structural observation on kidney of high finned grouper,Cromileptes altivelis Valencienne
作  者：
CAI Wen-chao,OU You-jun (South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China)
关键词：
Cromileptes altivelis Valencienne;kidney;structure;ultrastructure
摘  要：
Kidney,which regulates ion balance between body and water,is one of the most important organs for fish to excrete. It is necessary to investigate structure of fish kidney in order to find the mechanism of excretion and osmoregulation. This study reports the kidney histological structure of a famous marine fish,high finned grouper,Cromileptes altivelis Valencienne. The kidney structure of high fi nned grouper was observed via paraffi n section technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique. Fishes were collected from fish market and acclimated in the laboratory for 2 days. Posterior half of kidney was sampled and fi xed in Bouin’ s fixation liquid and 2.5% glutaral dialdehyde solution (4 ℃ ) immediately after the fish were killed. Cross sectional slides were made with paraffi n section technique. The distribution and ultrastructure of renal corpuscle and tubule were observed. Results show that glomeruli mainly distribute at the dorsal side of kidney and renal tubules are at the ventral side. Assembly of 2-5 glomeruli were found,which indicates high evolutionary position of high finned grouper. Mean macroaxis diameter and brachyaxis diameter of renal corpuscle are 55.0 μm and 45.8 μm,respectively(n=16),which are different from various species. There are many podocytes in renal capsule which have many foot processes sticking to the inner base membrane. They are quite near capillaries and this indicates that podocyte might play an important role in crude urine producing. Morphology of epidermic cells in renal tubules shows signifi cant differences in different sections. Based on the morphology and structure of epidermic cells,renal tubules are divided into 5 parts which are neck segment,the fi rst proximal segment,the second proximal segment,distal segment and collecting segment. Epidermic cells in the first proximal segment have developed microvilli and microfi lament. Microvilli can bring crude urine the power of flow. Many round and elliptic mitochondria were found in epidermic cells of the second proximal segment. The ultrastructure illuminates that it is the most signifi cant part to reabsorb crude urine. Epidermic cells in distal segment have many mitochondria around nucleolus and small vacuoles in free-end. However,they have less microvilli. Collecting segment is the thickest part of renal tubules and can collect and transport urine. This study offers scientific foundation for further research on urinary system and osmoregulation of high fi nned grouper.

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