作 者：
姚小英;贾效忠;朱拥军;刘晓强;吴丽;赵宁
单 位：
中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室;甘肃省天水市气象局
摘 要：
【目的】评估陇东南旱作区大樱桃的气候适宜性,为当地大樱桃种植区划及推广栽培提供依据。【方法】运用陇东南大樱桃主产区天水市各地2004-2006年物候资料及1990-2008年气象资料,建立估算大樱桃温度、降水及综合气候适宜度模型,对大樱桃气候适宜性进行评估,并分析大樱桃不同生育期气候适宜度与气候产量的相关性。【结果】陇东南旱作区天水市种植大樱桃温度适宜度较好的是河谷区和渭北区;降水适宜度较高的为关山区和河谷区。温度对气候产量影响的显著时期为花期和萌芽期;降水影响气候产量的极显著时期为果实膨大期,其次为花期和果实成熟期。天水市河谷区大樱桃种植的综合适宜性最高,多年平均综合气候适宜度为0.66;其次是渭北区,多年平均综合气候适宜度为0.57;关山区最低,多年平均综合气候适宜度为0.40。20世纪90年代以来,气候变化对天水市大樱桃种植影响表现为,河谷区综合气候适宜度为上升趋势,渭北区变化不大,而关山区有所降低。【结论】天水市除关山区种植大樱桃有低温冻害的风险,综合适宜度较低外,其余各地均可栽培大樱桃,最适宜栽培区为秦州、麦积的藉渭河谷地,但应警惕大樱桃花期寒潮、强降温及晚霜冻的影响,加强对春季低温冻害的防范。
译 名：
An assessment of cherry climate suitability in the dry area of Southeast of Gansu province
作 者：
YAO Xiao-ying1,2,JIA Xiao-zhong2,ZHU Yong-jun2,LIU Xiao-qiang2,WU Li2,ZHAO Ning2 (1 Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Open Laboratory of Arid Change and Disaster Reduction of CM,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;2 Tianshui Metrorological Bureau,Tianshui,Gansu 741000,China)
关键词：
Southeast of Gansu;cherry;assessment of climate suitablility
摘 要：
【Objective】 The research was done to study the cherry climate suitability in the dry area of Southeast of Gansu province to provide scientific basis for cherry planting district and spreading in the dry area of Southeast of Gansu province.【Method】 Based on the cherry's phonological observation data from 2004 to 2006 and meteorological data from 1990 to 2008 in the main planting area in the dry area of Southeast of Gansu province,the model of temperature,water and comprehensive climate suitability degree was set up,the assessment on cherry climate suitability was done,then the correlation between climate suitability degree and chreey climate yield of Tianshui was analyzed.【Result】 The results showed that the temperature suitability degree was the highest in the valley and plain area and Weibei area,the water supply to cherry was under good condition in the Guanshan area and valley and plain area.The most notability period of temperature influence on yield was in flowering growth and embryo during the main growing period of cherry,and water influence on yield was in fruit expanding,next to flowering growth and fruit mature.The average comprehensive climate suitability degree was the highest in valley and plain area and annual average value was 0.66,next was Weibei area,annual average value was 0.57,the lowest in Guanshan area and the annual average value was only 0.40.The results showed that the synthesized climate suitability degree has increased in main growth periods of cherry in valley and plain area since 1990s,and it has gone down in Guanshan area,its variation wasn't notable in Weibei area.【Conclusion】 The cherry may be cultivated in Tianshui city except Guanshan area,where the comprehensive suitability is lower because of risks of low temperature and frost.The most suitable regions for planting cherry is in valley and plain area in Qinzhou and Maiji districts.But we should take caution against cold wave,strong cooling and late frost during the cherry flowering,and in the meantime,strengthen the prevention of chilling frost in the spring.
