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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 北京大兴春棚瓜类多食性害虫种类及动态调查 中国农学通报 2019 (8) 91-96
Position: Home > Articles > Species and Dynamics of Polyphagous Pests in Spring Watermelon Greenhouse in Daxing, Beijing Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2019 (8) 91-96

北京大兴春棚瓜类多食性害虫种类及动态调查

作  者：
张民照;覃晓春;布·布尔玛;董兆克;张志勇
单  位：
北京农学院植物科学技术学院
关键词：
西瓜;多食性害虫;种群动态;北京大兴
摘  要：
了解北京大兴地区春棚瓜类作物之一西瓜害虫主要种类及发生规律,为及时提供害虫预测预报和防治依据。通过田间调查和黄板诱虫对大兴春棚西瓜害虫种类及种群动态进行连续2年调查。结果发现,春棚作物西瓜主要害虫种类都是多食性害虫红蜘蛛、蓟马和蚜虫。黄板诱虫量最高为蓟马,其次为蚜虫,为优势害虫,其他害虫占比都低于0.5%。田间发生较多为红蜘蛛和无翅蚜,连续2年占比分别都在58.07%和6.35%以上,为优势种。无翅蚜高峰期(5月上中旬)早于有翅蚜(5月下旬),6月中旬后减轻。黄板诱到的蓟马6月达高峰,并持续到拉秧。瓜棚花内蓟马6月中旬达高峰,7月因花量减少而有所降低。红蜘蛛2014年6月上旬达到高峰,其后持续降低。2015年有所加重,发生期也有所提前,5月即可轻微发生,6月数量急剧增加,中旬达高峰并持续到拉秧。5—6月重点防治蚜虫,6—7月重点防治蓟马和红蜘蛛。
译  名：
Species and Dynamics of Polyphagous Pests in Spring Watermelon Greenhouse in Daxing, Beijing
作  者：
Zhang Minzhao;Qin Xiaochun;Bu Borma;Dong Zhaoke;Zhang Zhiyong;College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture;
关键词：
watermelon;;polyphagous pest;;population dynamics;;Daxing of Beijing
摘  要：
The main pest species and occurrence in spring watermelon greenhouse in Daxing district, Beijing are investigated to provide information for pest control and prediction. Field investigation and yellow stick cards were used to survey the pest species and dynamics in watermelon greenhouse in Daxing district, Beijing for two consecutive years. The results showed that the main pests in spring watermelon greenhouse were polyphagous pests: red spider mites, thrips and aphids. The pests trapped by yellow stick cards with the largest number were thrips, followed by aphids, so they were the dominant pests, other pests counted for less than0.5%. The dominant pests infested watermelon leaves were also polyphagous pests: red spider mites and wingless aphids, which accounted for more than 58.07% and 6.35% for the two consecutive years, respectively.The occurrence peak of wingless aphids(early and mid May) was earlier than that of winged aphids(late May)and the aphid population decreased after mid June. The thrips trapped by yellow stick cards reached the population peak in June and remained until the plants were uprooted. The thrips infested watermelon flowers reached the peak in mid June, then decreased in July as the number of flowers decreased. In 2014, the red spider mites reached the population peak in early June, and then continued to decline. In 2015, the occurrence of red spider mites was slightly aggravated and the time was advanced. In May, the mites occurred slightly. In June, the mite number increased quickly, reached the peak in mid June, and remained until the plants were uprooted. For those polyphagous pests, the aphids should be controlled mainly in May and June, while the thrips and red spider mites should be control mainly in June and July.

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