Shifei Sang;Hongyan Cheng;Desheng Mei;Fu Li;Hui Wang;Jia Liu;Wenxiang Wang;Qamar U. Zaman;Kede Liu;Qiong H

Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China.;Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China; Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China.;National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.

Sinapis arvensis;Mitochondria;Chloroplast;Brassica;Evolutio

Sinapis arvensis, belonging to the genus Sinapis of the family Brassicaceae, has good agronomic characters that make it a valuable genetic resource for crop improvement and is a cytoplasmic source of heterologous cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). In addition, S. arvensis has played an important role in the evolution of the six major cultivated Brassica species involved in the triangle of U. Using next-generation sequencing, we assembled and revealed the gene composition of S. arvensis cytoplasmic genome. The chloroplast genome comprises 153,590 bp, with 112 individual genes, including 4 rRNA, 29 tRNA, and 79 protein-coding genes. The mitochondrial genome comprises 240,024 bp, with 54 genes, including 18 tRNA, three rRNA and 33 protein-coding genes. Genome structure and evolutionary analysis indicated that the sequences of the S. arvensis organellar genomes were more similar to those of Brassica nigra and B. carinata than to those of other Brassicaceae species. Four mitochondrial open reading frames displaying chimeric structural features and encoding hypothetical proteins with transmembrane domains may account for the infertility of Nsa CMS previously derived from somatic cell hybridization between B. napus and S. arvensis. These results will not only contribute to utilize the germplasm resource of S. arvensis, and comprehend the evolution of organelle genomes within the Brassicaceae family, but also help to identify genes conditioning the alloplasmic male sterility of Nsa CMS in B. napus. (C) 2020 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.