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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 敌草快对成熟期油菜脱水和种子质量的影响 中国油料作物学报 2015,37 (2) 240-245
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of diquat on dehydration of ripening rapeseed and seed quality Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences 2015,37 (2) 240-245

敌草快对成熟期油菜脱水和种子质量的影响

作  者：
乔醒;程勇;陆光远;徐劲松;赵永国;王立辉;张学昆
单  位：
中国农业科学院油料作物研究所;武汉中油阳光时代种业科技有限公司
关键词：
甘蓝型油菜;化学催熟剂;敌草快;脱水;发芽率;千粒重;品质;残留
摘  要：
为适应机械化收获对种子成熟的要求,研究化学催熟剂敌草快对油菜角果脱水和种子质量的影响,选用甘蓝型油菜品种阳光2009在油菜成熟期进行田间喷施敌草快试验,测定菜籽含水量、发芽率、千粒重、品质和敌草快残留。结果表明:于油菜角果黄熟期主花序角果转色时用1.8L/hm2的敌草快水剂喷施处理6d,与自然成熟(喷施等量清水)的对照组和人工割晒组相比,油菜脱水效果显著,角果和籽粒含水量分别为7.8%和10.49%;与对照组相比,角果和籽粒含水量分别下降52.66%和24.84%。该浓度处理下对油菜发芽率、千粒重及品质均未产生显著影响,其中发芽率达99%,贮藏2周的油菜种子中敌草快残留量为0.13mg/kg,符合中国和英国的安全标准;贮藏3周未检测到敌草快残留。建议加快敌草快在油菜催枯用途方面的农药登记,推进我国油菜全程机械化技术的应用。
译  名：
Effect of diquat on dehydration of ripening rapeseed and seed quality
作  者：
QIAO Xing;CHENG Yong;LU Guang-yuan;XU Jin-song;ZHAO Yong-guo;WANG Li-hui;ZHANG Xue-kun;Oil Crop Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture;Wuhan Zhongyou Sunshine Seed and Technology Co. ,Ltd;
关键词：
Brassica napus L.;;Chemical ripener diquat;;Dehydration;;Germination rate;;Thousand seed weight;;Seed quality;;Residues
摘  要：
To facilitate machinery harvesting of rapeseed,herbicide diquat was used as chemical ripener in field. The effects on dehydration and seed quality( including germination rate,thousand- seed weight,protein,fatty acids and diquat residues) were investigated using a Brassica napus cv Yangguang 2009 during mature season.Results showed that,compared to control( natural mature after water spray) and hand harvesting( swarfing),pods and seeds were remarkably dehydrated at 6d after 1. 8 L / hm2 diquat treatment when the pods color on main inflorescence changed at ripening stage. The moisture level of pod and seed were 7. 8% and 10. 49% respectively,which were significantly declined by 52. 66% and 24. 84% respectively than that of control. The treated seeds germination rate,thousand- seed weight and quality had no significant change. Diquat residue in seed was 0. 13 mg / kg after 2 weeks in storage from harvesting,pass both Chinese and British testing standards. No residue was found after3 weeks in storage from harvesting. In conclusion,it is necessary to promote diquat herbicide registration as ripener on rapeseed.

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