单 位：
青海省海西州农牧业信息服务站;青海省畜牧兽医科学院
关键词：
海西蒙古族藏族自治州;草地类型及分布;草地生态环境;草地监测
摘 要：
根据2005-2009年对青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州天然草地资源的监测结果发现,目前该州天然草地可划分为高寒草原、温性草原、温性荒漠草原、高寒草甸、低地草甸和高寒草甸草原6类;海西州可利用草地面积不断减少,与2007年相比,2008年和2009年全州可利用草地面积分别减少226.07和169.31万hm2;各类型草地鲜草总产量大幅度降低;草地连年超载过牧,且逐年加重,2005、2007和2009年全州草地分别超载13.97、26.56和33.94万羊单位;草地生态破坏,出现不同程度的沙化、退化现象。分析海西州天然草地资源现状,建议对现有天然草地实施封育保护,加强人工草地建植,调整畜群结构,严格控制放牧强度。
译 名：
Present situation and dynamic of grassland resources in Haixi national municipality of Mongol and Tibetan in Qinghai province
作 者：
YANG Hui-qing1,LI Shi-xiong2(1.Agriculture and Stockbreeding Information Service Station,Haixi National Municipality of Mongol and Tibetan in Qinghai province,Qinghai Delingha 817000,China;2.Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science,Qinghai Xining 810016,China)
关键词：
Haixi national municipality of Mongol and Tibetan;grassland type and distribution;grassland eco-environment;grassland monitoring
摘 要：
Based on field survey and grassland monitoring data from 2005 to 2009 in Haixi national municipality of Mongol and Tibetan,Qinghai province,grasslands in this regions were classified into 6 types,and they were alpine steppe,temperate steppe,temperate desert steppe,alpine meadow,low-land meadow and alpine meadow steppe.The available grassland areas were decreased continually and were decreased by 226 070 000 in 2008 and 169 310 000 hectare in 2009,respectively when compared with available grassland area in 2007.Overgrazing was common in the last 5 years,and 13 970 000,26 560 000 and 33 940 000 sheep unit were overloaded on the grassland in 2005,2007 and 2009.The grassland eco-environment became badly worse due to degradation and desertification in different degrees.According to present situation of grassland resources in Haixi national municipality of Mongol and Tibetan,this study proposed that enclosure grassland,establishment pasture,and plan grazing were measures for grassland management,and improved the grassland situation.
