摘 要：
【目的】筛选适宜湘南地区机插的双季早稻品种,并探索早稻移栽期指标与品种宜机插的关联性,为快速筛选宜机插早稻品种提供理论与实践依据。【方法】采用随机区组设计,考察12个早稻品种的生育期、秧苗素质、根系盘结力、发根力、返青期、根系伤流强度与产量及产量构成等指标,通过相关性分析等方法确立筛选评价指标,并以综合指数法进行宜机插综合评价。【结果】各参试品种的生育期存在年际间差异,可能与试验期间的气候因素有关。从秧苗素质来看,陵两优1309的发根力(16.79 cm)和根冠比(0.57)均最高,发根力显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),根冠比与湘优616、陵两优211和株两优819差异不显著(P>0.05,下同);从产量及产量构成因素来看,陵两优1309的每穗粒数(129.2粒)及产量(理论产量8.40 t/ha,实际产量8.18 t/ha)均最高,湘优616的产量(理论产量8.01 t/ha,实际产量7.56 t/ha)次之,且与陵两优1309的差异不显著。宜机插评价指标确定为发根力、根冠比、返青期、日产量与抗折力,在综合评价结果中陵两优1309和湘优616得分较高,分别为0.79和0.73。【结论】在湘南地区的气候条件下,陵两优1309和湘优616的综合评价良好,较符合机械移栽要求。在对双季早稻品种初步筛选评价时,秧苗期的发根力和根冠比权重系数较高且受环境影响较小,可作为初步筛选评价的重要指标。
译 名：
Screening and evaluation method of early rice varieties suitable for mechanical transplanting in southern Hunan
作 者：
NIE Xiong-feng;TU Nai-mei;ZHANG Hao-ze;TANG Wu-chen;YI Zhen-xie;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China;
关键词：
double cropping early rice;;mechanical transplanting;;variety screening;;variety evaluation
摘 要：
【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the rapid screening of early rice varieties suitable for mechanical transplanting,the early rice varieties suitable for mechanical transplanting in Hunan were selected and the correlation between the indexes of early rice transplanting period and the varieties suitable for mechanical transplanting were explored.【Method】In this study,the growth period,seedling quality,root entwining force,root-developing ability,greening period,root damage flow intensity,yield and yield composition of 12 early rice varieties were investigated by using random block group design. The correlation analysis method was used to establish the selection evaluation index and the comprehensive index method was used for the comprehensive evaluation.【Result】There were interannual differences in the growth period of the tested varieties,which might be related to the weather factors during the test period. In terms of seedling quality,the root-developing ability(16.79 cm)and root-shoot ratio(0.57)of Lingliangyou1309 were the highest,and the root-developing ability was significantly higher than that of other varieties(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in root-shoot ratio among Lingliangyou 1309 and Xiangyou 616,Lingliangyou 211 and Zhuliangyou 819(P>0.05,the same below). From the perspective of yield and yield components,the number of grains per panicle(129.2 grains)and yield(theoretical yield 8.40 t/ha,actual yield 8.18 t/ha)of Lingliangyou 1309 were the highest,followed by Xiangyou 616(theoretical yield 8.01 t/ha,actual yield 7.56 t/ha),with no significant difference between the two. The evaluation indexes of appropriate machine transplanting were determined as root-developing ability,root-shoot ratio,green period,daily yield and snapping resistance. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that Lingliangyou 1309 and Xiangyou 616 scored the highest,0.79 and 0.73,respectively.【Conclusion】Under the climatic conditions in southern Hunan,the comprehensive evaluation of Lingliangyou 1309 and Xiangyou 616 is good,which is more in line with the requirements of mechanical transplanting. In the preliminary selection and evaluation of two-cropping early rice varieties,the weight coefficients of root-developing ability and root-shoot ratio at seedling stage are high and less affected by the environment. It can be used as an important index for preliminary screening evaluation.
