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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 湘西锰矿区土壤重金属含量及优势植物吸收特征 安徽农业科学 2016 (8) 84-87+95
Position: Home > Articles > Soil Heavy Metals Content and Dominant Plants Absorption Characteristics in Xiangxi Manganese Mining Area Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences 2016 (8) 84-87+95

湘西锰矿区土壤重金属含量及优势植物吸收特征

作  者：
熊云武;唐彪;林晓燕;裴东辉;任重;龚亚龙;杨胜香;许建新;赵亮
单  位：
深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司;吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院
关键词：
重金属;锰矿;土壤;优势植物;湘西
摘  要：
[目的]研究湘西锰矿区土壤重金属含量及优势植物吸收特征,为锰矿废弃地植被恢复和重金属污染土壤的植物修复提供理论依据。[方法]调查湘西花垣县响水村锰矿区废弃地植被物种组成,测定优势种根际土壤及植物根部和地上部分的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Mn、Ni含量。[结果]响水村锰矿区所记录的高等植物共有20种,隶属15科18属,且优势种以草本植物为主;土壤重金属主要为Cd、Mn污染,且Cd含量超过国家土壤环境质量3级标准(GB 15618—1995),超标倍数达6.12~13.61倍,Mn含量为湖南省土壤背景值的57.93~244.40倍,污染严重;11种优势植物,萹蓄(Polygonum aviculare L.)、醉鱼草(Buddleja lindleyana Fort.)植物体内Mn含量较低,为Mn规避型植物,五节芒[(Miscanthus floridulus(Lab.)Warb.ex Schum et Laut.]根部Mn含量远大于地上部,为Mn根部囤积型植物,飞蓬(Erigeron acris L.)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)、千里光(Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don)、土荆芥[Dysphania ambrosioides(Linnaeus)Mosyakin&Clemants]、酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium L.)、愉悦蓼(Polygonum jucundum Meisn.)、商陆(Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.)、博落回[Macleaya cordata(Willd.)R.Br.]均表现出对Mn具有一定的吸收,其中,愉悦蓼对Mn的吸收富集能力较强,为Mn富集型植物。[结论]锰矿区重金属植物修复中,采用植物稳定技术时可以选择萹蓄、醉鱼草、五节芒作为先锋植物进行修复,采用植物提取技术时,可以选择愉悦蓼进行修复。
译  名：
Soil Heavy Metals Content and Dominant Plants Absorption Characteristics in Xiangxi Manganese Mining Area
作  者：
XIONG Yun-wu;TANG Biao;LIN Xiao-yan;GONG Ya-long;Shenzhen Techand Ecology & Environment Co.,Ltd;
关键词：
Heavy metals;;Manganese mine;;Soil;;Dominant plants;;Xiangxi
摘  要：
[Objective]The aim was to study soil heavy metals content and dominant plants absorption characteristics in Xiangxi manganese mining area,and to provide theoretical basis for revegetation of abandoned land and phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.[Method]The vegetation species of abandoned land and Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Mn,Ni content in rhizosphere soil and plant roots and aboveground parts of dominant species in manganese mining area in Xiangshui Village,Huayuan County,Xiangxi were determined.[Result] The results showed that there were20 species plants belonging to 18 genera in 15 families,and the dominant species were given priority to herbs. Soil Cd and Mn pollution were serious. And Cd content was more than national standards for environment quality of grade three soil( GB 15618- 1995),with excessive ratio of 6. 12 to 13. 61 times. And Mn content was more than background value of soil of Hunan Province,with ratio of 57. 93 to 244. 40 times,seriously polluted. Eleven dominant plants,Erigeron acris L.,Bidens pilosa L.,Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don,Dysphania ambrosioides( Linnaeus)Mosyakin & Clemants,Polygonum lapathifolium L.,Polygonum jucundum Meisn.,Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.,Macleaya cordata( Willd.) R. Br.absorbed a large amount of Mn by the roots and transported to the shoots,especial Polygonum jucundum Meisn. which absorbed larger Mn than the others,and could be used to clean up the soils containing light to moderate toxic metal concentration and with high-value,could be Mn accumulator. Miscanthus floridulus( Lab.) Warb. ex Schum et Laut. also absorbed a large amount of Mn but mainly held in the roots,could be the root compartment. While Polygonum aviculare L. and Buddleja lindleyana Fort. absorbed less Mn than the other eight plants,with the accumulation coefficients of Mn just was 0. 01,could be Mn excluder.[Conclusion] In revegetation of manganese mining area,Polygonum aviculare L.,Buddleja lindleyana Fort.,Miscanthus floridulus can be cultivated when plant stable technology is used,while Polygonum jucundum Meisn. can be planted when plant extraction technology is adopted.

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