关键词：
红麻(Hibiscus cannabinus L.);杂种优势;F_2优势降低率;化学杀雄
摘 要：
本文从产量性状、抗病性和纤维品质等方面分析了红麻高产杂优组合H116(7804×南选)F_1和F_2的优势表现、与大值亲本7804品种比较,F_1和F_2的纤维产量分別平均增产21.7%和10.7%,F_2优势降低9.1%。而与生产上大面积栽培的青皮3号品种比较,F_1和F_2分别平均增产30.1%和18.3%。产量差异均达到极显著或显著水平。实验证明,用两个遗传组成不同的优良品种配成的强优势组合,不仅F_1可以利用,而且有的F_2仍保持有较强的杂种优势,表现抗病、高产、优质,具有生产实用价值,而F_3的利用价值不大。
译 名：
STUDIES ON MULTI-GENERATION UTILIZATION OF HIGH YIELD COMBINATION H116 IN KENAF(HIBISCUS CANNABINUS L. )
作 者：
Tang Yonghai Li Defang (Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, CAAS. Yuanjiang, Hunan Province 413100)
关键词：
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.); Heterosis; Rate of F_2 heterosis depression; Chemical emasculation
摘 要：
1. Kenaf H116 (7804×Nanxuan) was a good hybrid cross, which produced fiber 3750 4200kg/ha in F_1 and 3450-3900kg/ha in F_2. Compared with the large parent "7804", F_1 and F_2 increased 21.7% and 10.7% respectively in fiber yield. Compared with the popularized cultivar Qingpi No. 3 (CK), F_1 and F_2 increased 30.1% and 18.3%, which reached significant level at α=0.01 or 0.05, but F_3 did not. Generally, F_1 and F_2 increased fiber 750-1050kg/ha and 525-900kg/ha respectively. The increased value was about 2-3 times of investment for producing seeds, the economic efficiency was high.2. H116 was mated with two disease-resistant improved varieties. The disease resistance, growth stage and fiber quality in F_1 and F_2 were between those of the two parents. The anthracnose index of F_1 and F_2 were respectively lower 15.6% and 17.1% than that of Qingpi 3 (CK), the percentage of dead tips of plants lower 24.5% and 21.3%. The bundle fiber strength of H116 F_1 and F_2 were 61.2 and 51.1 kg respectively, which were higher than that of CK. 261.9 and 253.3m/g and their fineness similar to that of CK in keeping with the demands of textile.3. The heterosis of F_1 hybrid between kenaf varieties was very strong, but that of F_2 decreased about 10% in fiber yield The degree of F_2 depression varied with different parents. Some F_2 of crosses, which were mated with different genetic constituent improved varieties, still kept a relatively strong heterosis and could be planted in production. The utilization of F_1 needed to use chemical emasculation and artificial pollination, but the F_2 seeds were got from self pollination of F_1. So low cost seeds could be easily produced and extended through utilizing F_2.
