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Position: Home > Articles > Study on Mechanism Between Natural Shrub-grass and Soil Wind Erosion Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2008,15 (5) 38-41

不同植被覆盖防治土壤风蚀对比研究

作  者：
王翔宇;原鹏飞;丁国栋;尚润阳;孙保平;张宇清;吴斌;马士龙
单  位：
中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司;海河水利委员会;北京林业大学水土保持学院教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室
关键词：
土壤风蚀;植被盖度;地表粗糙度;输沙率;风沙流结构
摘  要：
通过对毛乌素沙地不同下垫面上风速、地表粗糙度、临界起沙风速、风沙流结构的观测,发现植被覆盖可以有效防止地表风蚀:植被盖度为40%的固定沙地近地表0.2 m高度平均风速比流动沙地降低45%,侵蚀风的持续时数降低83%,临界起沙风速提高70%,地表粗糙度提高190倍;当风沙流速度相同时,20%覆盖度的半固定沙地较流动沙地可平均降低输沙79.4%;而植被盖度为40%的固定沙地较流动沙地可平均降低输沙95.6%。实验证明,单株植物同样可以降低风速。疏透结构和透风结构的单株沙蒿分别可以使植株后0.5 m高度的风速较植株前方平沙地同高度的风速下降59.4%和19.8%。
译  名：
Study on Mechanism Between Natural Shrub-grass and Soil Wind Erosion
作  者：
WANG Xiang-yu1,YUAN Peng-fei1,DING Guo-dong1,SHANG Run-yang2,SUN Bao-ping1,ZHANG Yu-qing1,WU Bin1,MA Shi-long3(1.Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification,Ministry of Education,College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;2.Haihe River Water Conservancy Committee,Tianjin 300170,China;3.The Medium North of the Water Surveys the Design Research Limited Liability Company,Tianjin 300222,China)
关键词：
soil wind erosion;vegetation coverage;aerodynamic roughness;rate of sand transporting;the structure of wind-sand flow
摘  要：
Through field investigation on wind speed,aerodynamic roughness,rate of sand transporting and the structure of wind-sand flow on different underlying surfaces,we found that vegetation cover can prevent soil wind erosion effectively.Compared the fixed sandland whose vegetation coverage is 40% to the drifting sand dune which has no coverage,the average wind speed at the height of 0.2 m reduced 45%,the time of threshold wind velocity of soil erosion kept on reduced 83%,while the threshold wind velocity of soil erosion increased 70% and aerodynamic roughness increased 190 times;Compared to the drifting sand dune,when the speed of wind-sand flow is similar,the rate of sand transporting on semi-fixed sandland reduced 79.4%,while fixed sandland reduced 95.6%.The results indicated that a single plant can reduce wind speed too.Two single Artemisia ordosica could reduce wind speed at the height of 0.5 m by 59.4% and 19.8%.

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