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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 野生早樱群落乔木层优势种群生态位研究 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 2008,34 (5) 578-585
Position: Home > Articles > Study on niche of dominant tree populations of Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens communities Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences) 2008,34 (5) 578-585

野生早樱群落乔木层优势种群生态位研究

作  者：
谢春平;伊贤贵;王贤荣
单  位：
南京森林公安高等专科学校侦查系;南京林业大学
关键词：
野生早樱;优势种群;生态位宽度;生态位重叠
摘  要：
为了更好地开发利用野生早樱这一木本观花植物,以物种重要值为生态位计算资源状态指标,应用Levins公式、Hurtlbert公式、Pianka公式和Schoener公式对福建武夷山野生早樱群落乔木层10个优势种群进行生态位宽度、生态位重叠和生态位相似性比例的计算与分析.结果表明:该群落乔木优势树种中野生早樱、木荷、黄山松、拟赤杨具有较大的生态位宽度,其Bi和Ba分别为0.842、0.641、0.686、0.598和0.986、0.374、0.620、0.489;而鹿角杜鹃生态位宽度值最小,Bi和Ba仅有0.477和0.332.该群落优势种之间生态位重叠值和生态位相似比例值都较大,说明物种之间对资源的需求具有趋同性;同时研究表明重叠—相似—竞争"三者之间的关系并不是必然同时存在或发生,而是在一定条件下才会激发并转换.光因子是该群落生态位的决定性因子,野生早樱、拟赤杨、黄山松等先锋树种,在群落光照资源足够的阶段,它们能够与木荷、青冈栎、米槠等中亚热带优势树种共存;随着群落进一步郁闭,野生早樱、拟赤杨、黄山松等生态位宽度优势将逐步衰退,最终会让出群落优势种位置.开辟林窗是保护野生早樱这一物种的有效途径.
译  名：
Study on niche of dominant tree populations of Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens communities
作  者：
XIE Chun-ping1,2,YI Xian-gui2,WANG Xian-rong2(1.Investigation Department,Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210046,China;2.College of Forest Resources and Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
关键词：
Cerasus subhirtella var.ascendens;dominant populations;niche breadth;niche overlap
摘  要：
In order to exploit efficiently the ornamental resource—Cerasus subhirtella var.ascendens,based on the importance value as one-dimension resource state,the niche characteristics of ten dominant tree populations in C.subhirtella var.ascendens community in Wuyi Mountain of Fujian Province were calculated and analyzed with Levins,Hurtlbert,Pianka and Schoener formulas.The result shows that among the dominant trees,the Levins and Hurlbert's niche breadths of C.subhirtella var.ascendens,Schima superba,Pinus taiwanensis and Alniphyllum fortunei were 0.842,0.641,0.686,0.598 and 0.986,0.374,0.620,0.489,respectively,but that of Rhododendron latoucheae was smaller,with the Levins and Hurlbert's niche breadths 0.477 and 0.332.The high value of NO(niche overlap) and Cih(niche similarity ratio) indicate that the dominant populations were similar in the requirement of resource.Meanwhile,the relationship among "overlap—similarity—competition" did not occur or exist simultaneously,but it could prompt and change on certain condition.Light was the decisive factor in the communities.While there was adequate light in the communities,C.subhirtella var.ascendens,A.fortunei and P.taiwanensis could live with S.superba,Cyclobalanopsis glauca and Castanopsis carlessii together.With the communities' development,the dominance of the niche breadths of C.subhirtella var.ascendens,A.fortunei and P.taiwanensis would decline gradually and quit the statue of dominance.Forest gaps was effective measure to protect the C.subhirtella var.ascendens.

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