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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 鸡巨型艾美耳球虫早熟株选育及其生物学特性研究 河南农业科学 2019 (3) 132-136
Position: Home > Articles > Breeding and Biological Characteristics Research of Chicken Eimeria maxima Precocious Strain Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences 2019 (3) 132-136

鸡巨型艾美耳球虫早熟株选育及其生物学特性研究

作  者：
郝飞飞;王天成;张黎;弥成龙;冯玉萍;张雪松;郑明学
单  位：
山西农业大学动物科技学院
关键词：
鸡;巨型艾美耳球虫;早熟株选育;致病力;繁殖力;生物学特性
摘  要：
为选育鸡巨型艾美耳球虫(E.maxima)早熟株,并对其生物学特性进行研究,采用早熟选育法对E.maxima亲本株进行连续鸡体传代以获得早熟株,再分别将鸡E.maxima亲本株和早熟株孢子化卵囊以不同剂量口服接种14日龄无特定病原(SPF)雏鸡,测定E.maxima亲本株和早熟株的潜隐期、卵囊形态大小,并分析比较其致病性强弱和繁殖力高低。结果表明,成功选育出潜隐期为113 h的鸡E.maxima早熟株,其卵囊长和宽均显著小于亲本株卵囊。在整个试验过程中,各组鸡接种E.maxima亲本株和早熟株孢子化卵囊后均无死亡现象;当鸡E.maxima亲本株和早熟株孢子化卵囊接种剂量为0.5×10~4～20.0×10~4个/羽时,等剂量下E.maxima早熟株组鸡的相对体质量增加率显著大于亲本株组;接种量在10.0×10~4～20.0×10~4个/羽时,等剂量下E.maxima早熟株组鸡的肠道病变记分显著低于亲本株组;随接种剂量的增加,E.maxima亲本株和早熟株组鸡的相对体质量增加率逐渐降低,临床症状逐渐加重。此外,相同接种剂量下,E.maxima早熟株组卵囊产量均显著低于亲本株组,前者卵囊产量是后者的60%～75%;但随接种剂量的增加,E.maxima亲本株和早熟株组单卵囊繁殖力均呈下降趋势。综上,选育的鸡E.maxima早熟株与亲本株相比,致病力减弱、繁殖能力降低,能够为球虫多价活疫苗提供E.maxima虫种,以进一步加强鸡球虫病的防治。
译  名：
Breeding and Biological Characteristics Research of Chicken Eimeria maxima Precocious Strain
作  者：
HAO Feifei;WANG Tiancheng;ZHANG Li;MI Chenglong;FENG Yuping;ZHANG Xuesong;ZHENG Mingxue;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University;
单  位：
HAO Feifei%WANG Tiancheng%ZHANG Li%MI Chenglong%FENG Yuping%ZHANG Xuesong%ZHENG Mingxue%College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University
关键词：
Chicken;;E.maxima;;Premature breeding;;Pathogenicity;;Fertility;;Biological characteristics
摘  要：
To breed E.maxima precocious strain and study its biological characteristics,which was obtained with premature induction method from E.maxima virulent strain by continuous chicken passage,then two kinds of E.maxima strains were orally inoculated with 14-day-old chicks in different sporulated oocysts.Their latent period,size of oocyst were determined and their pathogenicity and fertility were analyzed.Results showed that the latent period of precocious strain was 113 h,the average length and width of the oocysts was significantly smaller than the oocysts of virulent strain.There was no death in each group,when the dose of chicken E.maxima strains was 0.5×10~4—20.0×10~4 of spore oocysts,the relative weight gain rate of precocious group was significantly higher than virulent strain group in the same does;when the inoculation was 10.0×10~4—20.0×10~4 of spore oocysts,the intestinal lesions scores of precocious group were significantly lower than those in the virulent group in the same does.The relative weight gain rate of chickens gradually decreased,but the clinical symptoms gradually increased as inoculate doses increased.Its oocyst yield was lower than the virulent strain group significantly in the same dose,and the former oocyst yield was 60%—75% of the latter;but the fecundity of the two coccidial oocysts decreased with the increase of the inoculation dose.It is indicated that the E.maxima precocious strain of chicken has weaker pathogenicity and lower reproductive ability than the virulent strain.Our study aims to provide species of vaccine and relevant evidence for the prevention of avain coccidiosis.

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