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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > Cd污染对3种类型土壤酶活性及Cd形态分布的影响 四川农业大学学报 2017 (3) 339-344
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Cd Pollution on Soil Enzyme Activities and Cd Forms in Three Soil Types Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University 2017 (3) 339-344

Cd污染对3种类型土壤酶活性及Cd形态分布的影响

作  者：
王巧红;董金霞;张君;杨万勤;张健;陈良华
单  位：
四川农业大学生态林业研究所;长江上游生态安全协同创新中心;中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司;四川水利职业技术学院
关键词：
土壤类型;Cd污染;土壤酶;重金属形态分布
摘  要：
【目的】认识3种类型土壤酶活性对Cd污染的响应特征,以及Cd形态分布受土壤类型的影响。【方法】采用室内培养的方法,向紫色土、冲积土和黄壤中添加1、20、50 mg/kg外源Cd模拟不同程度镉污染,测定土壤关键酶活性及Cd的形态分布特征;【结果】Cd污染均抑制了3种土壤的蔗糖酶活性,伴随污染的加剧,抑制作用更显著,尤其是冲积土;Cd污染对冲积土脲酶活性有显著的激活作用;3种土壤的酸性磷酸酶对Cd污染的响应表现出"低促高抑的效应";随土壤中Cd2+浓度的增大,冲积土的碱性磷酸酶活性降低,其余两种土壤的碱性磷酸酶没有显著变化。Cd污染处理下,紫色土中Cd的形态分布均表现为:可还原态>残渣态>可氧化态>弱酸提取态。黄壤和冲积土在1 mg/kg时,Cd的各形态分布为:弱酸提取态>残渣态>可氧化态>可还原态;随着Cd含量的增加,冲积土和黄壤中弱酸提取态Cd和可还原态Cd的比例有较大幅度的增加,残渣态Cd的比例下降。【结论】紫色土和黄壤中的土壤酶活性受到Cd污染影响较小,冲积土的酶活性受到的影响较大;冲积土和黄壤在受污染后土壤中的Cd容易被植物吸收,生态安全存在更大的隐患。
译  名：
Effects of Cd Pollution on Soil Enzyme Activities and Cd Forms in Three Soil Types
作  者：
WANG Qiao-hong;DONG Jin-xia;ZHANG Jun;YANG Wan-qin;ZHANG Jian;CHEN Liang-hua;Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College;Institute of Ecology &Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River;Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited;
关键词：
soil type;;Cd pollution;;soil enzyme activity;;heavy metal speciation
摘  要：
【Objective】The objective of the study was to understand effects of Cd pollution on soil enzyme activitiesand Cd forms in 3 soil types.【Method】A controlled-culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Cd concentrations(1,20 and 50 mg/kg) on soil enzyme activities and Cd forms in 3 typical soil types(purple soil,alluvial soil and yellow soil) of Sichuan province.【Results】(1) Cd pollution inhibited invertase activities in all soil types. Cd-caused negative effect increased with increasing Cd concentration,especially in alluvial soil. However,Cd pollution had a positive influence on urease activities in alluvial soil. Acid phosphatase activities increased under the lower Cd level but decreased under the higher Cd level in each soil type. Alkaline phosphatase activities in alluvial soil gradually declined with increasing Cd2+concentration while they were unaffected in other two soil types. Under Cd pollution,Cd distribution in purple soil exhibited a simila r pattern of reducible state >residual state >oxidizable state>weak acid extractable state. Under 1 mg/kg Cd,Cd distribution showed trend of weak acid extractable state>residual state>oxidizable state>reducible state for both yellow and alluvial soils. With the increase of Cd pollution,the proportion of weak acid extraction and reducible states was enhanced in both yellow and alluvial soils,but the proportion of residual Cd state was decreased substantially in both soil types.【Conclusion】Our results indicated that the effect of Cd pollution on enzyme activities in both purple and yellow soils were was relatively small as compared to alluvial soil. Cd was easy to be absorbed by plants in both alluvial and yellow soils,which may have a potential ecological risk.

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