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Position: Home > Articles > 降水与土壤水混合过程的生态水文分离现象及其研究进展 Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology 2019 (6) 1797-1806

降水与土壤水混合过程的生态水文分离现象及其研究进展

作  者：
吕斯丹;宋贤威;温学发
关键词：
生态水文;同位素水文学;氢氧同位素;径流小区;流域
摘  要：
以往通常假设降水与土壤水完全混合后形成径流,而基于δD-δ18O关系研究表明,降水与土壤水混合存在生态水文分离现象,即土壤水可分为由土壤无效水和可供植物吸收的有效水构成的束缚水及自由移动形成径流的自由水,且两个水库间存在着部分混合即连接性.本研究系统阐述了"生态水文分离"的概念及其内涵,描述了降水与土壤水的混合过程以及两个水库δD和δ18O的特征与关系,总结了土壤水、束缚水及自由水δD和δ18O直接观测及替代观测方法的优缺点,并阐明了径流小区及流域尺度上基于直接及替代观测方法的土壤束缚水与自由水完全分离及连接性的定性研究进展,同时阐明了基于模型和控制试验的土壤束缚水与自由水完全分离及连接性的定量研究进展,并指出应加强生态水文分离过程的定性及定量方法以及对传统生态水文模型的影响和改进研究.
作  者：
LYU Si-dan;SONG Xian-wei;WEN Xue-fa;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;
关键词：
ecohydrology;;isotope hydrology;;hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes;;runoff plot;;watershed
摘  要：
Within the framework of traditional translatory flow, infiltrating precipitation and water at any soil depth is firstly well mixed and eventually enters the stream. Based on the dual stable isotope approach(δD and δ~(18)O), recent studies showed that ecohydrologic separation occurs during the mixing process between precipitation and soil water. Namely, soil water has two pools: soil bound water which includes unavailable and available water used by plants, and soil mobile water entering the stream. The partial mixing of both water pools is defined as hydrologic connectivity. In this review, the concept and meaning of ecohydrologic separation are explained systematically. We described the mixing process between precipitation and soil water, and water isotopes(δD and δ~(18)O) of soil bound water and mobile water in detail. We summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the direct and substitute methods to measure δD and δ~(18)O in soil water, bound water, and mobile water. We reviewed the researches on hydrologic separation and connectivity of soil bound water and mobile water in runoff plot and watershed, including the qualitative research based on the direct and substitute methods, and the quantitative research using the models and control experiments. At last, we proposed that further studies should strengthen the research on the qualitative and quantitative methods of ecohydrological separation, and their influences on traditional ecohydrology models.

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