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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 葡萄设施栽培不同种植年限土壤理化性质的变化 果树学报 2015,32 (2) 225-231
Position: Home > Articles > Changes of soil physical and chemical properties in greenhouse of different grapevine planting years Journal of Fruit Science 2015,32 (2) 225-231

葡萄设施栽培不同种植年限土壤理化性质的变化

作  者：
马艳春;姚玉新;杜远鹏;臧兴隆;翟衡
单  位：
山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院·作物生物学国家重点实验室
关键词：
设施葡萄;种植年限;土壤;酸化;盐渍化
摘  要：
【目的】了解大量施肥条件下种植年限对设施葡萄园土壤理化性状的影响,为设施葡萄合理施肥和可持续生产提供依据。【方法】采集了泰安市角峪镇同一农户设施葡萄种植2、7和12 a(年)土壤,以棚外土壤为对照,调查了不同种植年限下土壤的理化性状的变化。【结果】设施大棚内土壤容重均显著高于棚外对照,以种植葡萄7 a的大棚土壤容重最大,12 a棚土壤次之;随棚龄增大,土壤总孔隙度和通气孔隙度下降;根系分布层土壤的p H值显著低于对照,其中设施种植7 a的p H仅5.0;电导率和总盐含量则显著高于对照,且表层含量明显高于下层;总氮含量低于对照,总磷、总钾、速效氮磷钾、微量元素和各种盐离子含量均高于对照,以盛果树的7 a棚土壤最高;露地主要盐离子以Ca2+、Mg2+和Cl-为主,而7和12 a棚土壤以Ca2+、K+、SO42-和NO3-为主,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-和NO3-与土壤p H值呈显著负相关。【结论】随着设施种植年限的增加,土壤酸化、盐渍化、表层富营养化和重金属Cu、Zn积累,大量施肥可能是主要原因。
译  名：
Changes of soil physical and chemical properties in greenhouse of different grapevine planting years
作  者：
MA Yanchun;YAO Yuxin;DU Yuanpeng;ZANG Xinglong;ZHAI Heng;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology;
关键词：
Grapevine in greenhouse;;Planting years;;Soil;;Acidification;;Salinization
摘  要：
【Objective】To provide basic knowledge for soil improvement,rational fertilization and the sus-tainable production in grape orchard.【Methods】The effects of soil physical and chemical properties withthe extension of planting years in plastic house were investigated. The soil at same site from 2-,7- and12-year plastic houses were collected to analyze the changes in soil physical and chemical properties inJue'yu Town,Tai'an City. The soil outside plastic houses was as control.【Results】Soil bulk density inall plastic houses were significantly higher than control,and the peak value showed in 7-year plastichouse,followed by 12-year greenhouse. With the extension of planting years,soil total porosity and aera-tion porosity in plastic houses decreased. p H value in plastic houses declined in comparison to controland the soil in the 7-year greenhouse showed the lowest p H of 5.0. While conductivity and total salt con-tent were higher than control,and surface soil had a higher content than subsoil layer. The total nitrogencontent in greenhouses was lower than control,while total P and N content were higher than control,andthe peak value showed in 7-year plastic house. Ca2 +,Mg2 +and Cl- were the main ions in soils outsideplastic houses,while Ca2 +,K+,SO42-and NO3-were the main ions in soils of 7- and 12-year plastichouse. In addition,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-and NO3-contents were significantly negatively correlated withsoil p H value.【Conclusion】The results suggested that excessive fertilizer may cause soil acidification,soil salinization,surface soil eutrophication and Cu,Zn accumulation in the greenhouse.

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