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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 仿刺参与虾夷马粪海胆和菲律宾蛤仔混养效果的初步研究 水产学报 2008,32 (5) 86-94
Position: Home > Articles > Primary results of polyculture of juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) with juvenile sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) and manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) Journal of Fisheries of China 2008,32 (5) 86-94

仿刺参与虾夷马粪海胆和菲律宾蛤仔混养效果的初步研究

作  者：
王吉桥;程鑫;高志鹰;迟伟;王年斌
单  位：
辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院;大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院
关键词：
虾夷马粪海胆;仿刺参;菲律宾蛤仔;混养
摘  要：
水温13.8~20.0℃下,在容积50L的塑料水槽中,放养体质量为(1.4±0.6)g的虾夷马粪海胆(Strongylocentrotus intermedius)11个,过量投喂海带(Laminaria japonica),再分别混养体质量为(3.4±0.6)g的仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)0(A组)、3(B组)、5(C组)和10个(D组),体质量为(12.4±1.7)g的菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)6个,排出水培养底栖硅藻和石纯(Ulva lactuca),用底栖硅藻饲喂仿刺参。77d的饲养表明,仿刺参和海胆的成活率差异不显著(P>0.05),但混养组海胆的特定生长率(SGR)显著高于单养组(P<0.05),B、C和D组海胆的SGR分别比单养高9.12%、7.24%和10.06%,各混养组间差异不显著(P>0.05);混养海胆的饲料系数(7.28~7.70)分别显著低于单养(9.12)(P<0.05)组20.2%、15.5%和18.0%。将刺参的产量计算在内,B、C和D组海胆的饲料系数分别比对照组降低31.5%、26.8%和16.0%,但混养组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。海胆和仿刺参的适宜混养比例为11∶3。蛤仔和石纯生长慢,死亡率高。养殖排水培养的底栖硅藻以菱形藻(Nitzschiasp.)和卵形藻(Cocconeissp.)为主,少量舟形藻(Naviculasp.)。混养海胆性腺中亚麻酸、EPA+DHA含量和n-3/n-6比值显著大于单养组(P<0.05),混养池水中氨氮含量低而稳,溶氧量高。
译  名：
Primary results of polyculture of juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) with juvenile sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius) and manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum)
作  者：
WANG Ji-qiao1,CHENG Xin1,GAO Zhi-ying1,CHI Wei1,WANG Nian-bin2(1.Life Science and Technique Institute,Dalian Fisheries University,Dalian 116023,China;2.Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China)
关键词：
Strongylocentrotus intermedius;Apostichopus japonicus Selenka;Ruditapes philippenarum;polyculture
摘  要：
In a polyculture system,sea urchin(Strongylocentrotus intermedius)juveniles weighing(1.4±0.6) g were stocked into 16 plastic tanks of each 45 cm×31 cm×30 cm at a rate of 11 individuals per tank and polycultured with juvenile sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) averaging(3.4±0.6) g in body weight at a rate of 0(Group A),3(Group B),5(Group C) and 10 individuals(Group D),and manila clam(Ruditapes philippenarum) averaging(12.4±1.7) g in body weight at a rate of 6 individuals per tank at water temperature of 13.8-20.0 ℃ for 77 days.The sea urchin were ad libtum fed kelp(Laminaria japonica) and the sea cucumber fed marine benthic diatoms cultured by the effluents from the tanks.Survival rates of the sea cucumber and the sea urchin were all found to be almost 100%,no significant differences(P>0.05).However,there were significantly 9.12%,7.24% and 10.06% higher in specific growth rate(SGR) of the sea urchin in Group B,Group C and Group D than that in Group A(P<0.05),respectively.There was significantly lower feed conversion ratio(FCR)of the sea urchin in the polycultured tanks than that in the monocultured tanks(P<0.05),20.2%,15.5% and 18.0% lower in Group B,Group C and Group D than that in Group A,respectively.The optimal ratio of sea urchin to sea cucumber was 11∶3,with the optimal stocking density of 64 121.1 g·m-3 sea cucumber.Poor growth and high mortality were observed in manila clam in the polyculture system and in sea lettuce Ulva lactuca cultivated by the tank effluents.Nitzschia sp.and Cocconeis sp.were predominantly found in the benthic algae cultivated by the effluents from the tanks.The sea urchin in the polycultured tanks had significantly higher gonadal C18∶3n-3 and EPA+DHA levels and n-3/n-6 ratio than those in the monocultured group had.In the polyculture water,ammonia-N levels were registered low and constant,whereas high dissolved oxygen levels were observed in the polyculture system.

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