作 者：
袁杰;曹生奎;曹广超;赵青林;刁二龙;陈真;陈治荣
单 位：
青海师范大学青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室
摘 要：
[目的]对祁连山南坡不同植被类型土壤粒度特征进行分析,为区域土壤资源可持续利用和生态环境保护提供科学依据.[方法]对祁连山南坡不同植被类型下土壤进行标准化土壤样品采集,利用Mastersizer 2000型激光粒度仪测定75件样品,通过福克和沃德公式计算粒度参数,最后进行单因素方差分析.[结果]①青海云杉、祁连圆柏、高寒草甸为粉砂-黏粒级(<63μm),混合灌丛和高山草地为砂粒级(>63μm),粒级组成上林地质地最细,高寒草甸次之,混合灌丛和高山草地土壤质地粗颗粒成分较多,有退化趋势;②平均粒径(M_z)表现为:青海云杉(6.15Ф)>祁连圆柏(5.81Ф)>高寒草甸(5.22Ф)>混合灌丛(5.07Ф)>高山草地(5.04Ф);分选系数(σ)表现为:高山草地(2.65)>高寒草甸(2.45)>混合灌丛(2.33)>青海云杉(2.17)>祁连圆柏(2.11);偏度(SK)高寒草甸(0.19)>高山草地(0.12)>混合灌丛(0.035)>青海云杉(0.032)>祁连圆柏(-0.05);峰度(K_G)表现为:青海云杉(0.968)>混合灌丛(0.966)>祁连圆柏(0.929)>高寒草甸(0.887)>高山草地(0.867);③各植被类型频率曲线存在异同,其中林地和灌丛为近对称单峰态,高寒草甸和高山草地粒度频率曲线呈多峰态,说明草地类型受外界因素干扰较大,物源混杂.[结论]在自然环境影响和人类活动强度大的情况下,高寒草甸和高山草地粒径将进一步粗化,荒漠化风险程度最大,是该区相对来说亟需保育的植被类型.
作 者：
Yuan Jie;Cao Shengkui;Cao Guangchao;Zhao Qinglin;Diao Erlong;Chen Zhen;Chen Zhirong;Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University;Graduate School of Qinghai Normal University;MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation;
单 位：
Yuan Jie%Cao Shengkui%Cao Guangchao%Zhao Qinglin%Diao Erlong%Chen Zhen%Chen Zhirong%Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Physical Geography and Environmental Process, Qinghai Normal University%Graduate School of Qinghai Normal University%MOE Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation
关键词：
southern slope of Qilian Mountain;;soil particle size;;different vegetation types
摘 要：
[Objective] The soil particle size characteristics of different vegetation types on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain were analyzed in order to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable use of regional soil resources and ecological environment protection. [Methods] 75 samples were collected and measured from different vegetation types on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain by Mastersizer 2 000 laser particle size analyzer. Then the parameters of particle size were calculated by using Fokker and Ward formula and performed one-way ANOVA. [Results] ① Picea crassifolia, Juniperus przewalskii and alpine meadows were of silt-clay(<63 μm) grade, mixed shrubs and alpine grassland were of sand grade(>63 μm). The size of the forestland soil was finest and the alpine meadow was followed in composition of size. Mixed shrubs and alpine grassland showed degradation trend, and had coarser grain composition than those of forestland and alpine meadow. ② The mean grain size of different vegetation types was Picea crassifolia(6.15Ф)>Juniperus przewalskii(5.81Ф)>alpine meadow(5.22Ф)>mixed shrub(5.07Ф)>alpine grassland(5.04Ф). The sorting coefficient of different vegetation types was alpine grassland(2.65)>alpine meadow(2.45)>mixed shrub(2.33)>Picea crassifolia(2.17)>Juniperus przewalskii(2.11). The skewness of different vegetation types was alpine meadow(0.19)>alpine meadow(0.12)>mixed shrub(0.035)>Picea crassifolia(0.032)>Juniperus przewalskii(-0.05). The kurdishness of different vegetation types was Picea crassifolia(0.968)>mixed shrub(0.966)>Juniperus przewalskii(0.929)>alpine meadow(0.887)>alpine grassland(0.867). ③ There were some similarities and differences in frequency curves of different vegetation types. The peak shape of forestland and shrubs was nearly symmetrical and unimodal. The peak shape of alpine meadow and alpine grassland was multi-peaked and the fact indicates that grassland was greatly disturbed by external factors and sources were mixed. [Conclusion] In the case of natural environmental impact and high human activity intensity, the grain size of alpine meadows and alpine grasslands would be further coarsened, and the risk of desertification is the greatest, which is the type of vegetation that is relatively urgently needed for conservation in this area.
